by Calculated Risk on 5/04/2010 11:24:00 AM

A couple of comments from German officials via the Guardian: Greece's €110bn bailout gets lukewarm reception from financial markets (ht Jonathan)

German economy minister Rainer Brüderle added to the uncertainty by telling Reuters that the €110bn package was not intended to cover Greece's entire financial requirements for the next three years. Instead, Brüderle suggested, Greece will need to return to the financial markets in perhaps 18 months to satisfy its borrowing needs.
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Finance minister Wolfgang Schäuble said that Greece would be plunged into insolvency if it failed to meet its promises to raise taxes across the economy, increase the retirement age to 65, and cut the size of its public sector.

"If there are any violations, payments will be stopped. Then Athens will once again be threatened with bankruptcy," Schäuble told the Rheinische Post newspaper.

The yield on the two year Greek government debt was up 4.2% to 14.5% this morning. Investors still have no confidence ...

And there are still worries of contagion, from Bloomberg:

Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero said speculation of a bailout for Spain is “complete madness” and the nation has “strong solvency.” His remarks came as Greece’s 110 billion-euro ($146 billion) rescue package fails to ease concern that swelling European sovereign debt will derail the economic recovery.

by Calculated Risk on 5/04/2010 10:00:00 AM

From the NAR: Pending Home Sales on an Upswing

The Pending Home Sales Index, a forward-looking indicator based on contracts signed in March, rose 5.3 percent to 102.9 from 97.7 in February, and is 21.1 percent above March 2009 when it was 85.0; this follows an 8.3 percent increase in February. The data reflects contracts and not closings, which usually occur with a lag time of one or two months.
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"In the months immediately following the expiration of the tax credit, we expect measurably lower sales,” [Lawrence Yun, NAR chief economist] said.

This is no surprise - the tax credit has pulled demand forward, and existing home sales will decline after June (existing home sales are counted when the contract closes).

by Calculated Risk on 5/04/2010 08:34:00 AM

From Bloomberg:

Filings totaled almost 146,000 in April, according to data compiled by Automated Access to Court Electronic Records, a service of Oklahoma City-based Jupiter ESources LLC. March filings were about 158,000.

The April filing total represented a 15 percent increase from April 2009 total. This is the 2nd highest month since the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 was enacted.

Click on graph for larger image in new window.

This graph shows the non-business bankruptcy filings by quarter using monthly data from the ABI and previous quarterly data from USCourts.gov.

The American Bankruptcy Institute (ABI) is forecasting over 1.5 million filings in 2010. This is an increase from the just over 1.4 million filings in 2004. I think the ABI forecast is low ...

by Calculated Risk on 5/03/2010 11:24:00 PM

Just an overview ...

Light Vehicle Sales in April were at a 11.2 Million Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate (SAAR). This was up 21.8% from April 2009 (when sales were at the lowest level in 30 years), and down 4.6% from the March 2010 sales rate.

Personal Income was up 0.3% in March, but spending increased 0.6%. The increases in spending are coming from less saving and transfer payments instead of income growth. This is a solid increase in personal consumption expenditures (PCE), but PCE growth is not sustainable without jobs and income growth.

The ISM Manufacturing Index showed solid growth in April. The employment index increased to 58.5 percent in April (suggesting growth in manufacturing employment).

Private construction spending declined in March for both residential and non-residential. Public construction spending increased. Perhaps the good news is investment in offices, malls and hotels is at or near record lows, and is probably nearing the bottom (although spending will probably decline most of this year). This suggests the job losses related to construction employment will slow.

The Federal Reserve released the April Senior Loan Officer survey. The survey showed that banks are keeping lending standards unchanged (no longer tightening), but the survey also showed that loan demand weakened further.

And some more excerpts from Fed transcripts in 2004 (just released). These transcripts show that Fed researchers were aware that the increase in house prices (by early 2004) could not be explained by fundamentals, and that a Fed President was concerned about rampant speculation and loose lending standards.

by Calculated Risk on 5/03/2010 08:12:00 PM

There has been widespread discussion of the March 2004 Fed comments and chart I posted on Saturday. To review: in March 2004, Fed associate research director Stephen Oliner presented a chart of rents-to-house prices and commented that "even after you account for the fundamentals, there’s a part of the increase [in house prices] that is hard to explain".

This should have set off alarms. Is there widespread speculation? Are lending standards too loose?

Here are some comments from Minneapolis Fed President Gary Stern at the November 10, 2004 FOMC meeting that answers those questions:

Stern: A little over a week ago, we hosted at the Bank a meeting on housing and residential construction activity. There were several reasons for this. One, of course, was the fact that we hear periodic discussions of a potential bubble in house prices. But second, I’ve been struck, as I’ve watched developments in the Twin Cities and as I’ve traveled around other cities in the last several years, by the absolutely high level of construction activity that seems to be occurring. It’s not only new building, but conversions of all sorts of warehouses, schools, and former office buildings to residential property. A change in mix seems to be occurring as well, with more of the construction and renovation yielding townhouses and condominiums rather than the standard single-family home.
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Let me just note three specific issues that came up because I, at least, found them of interest. The first, which it won’t surprise this group to hear, is that they attributed a good deal of the strength in housing to very favorable financial conditions. In this regard they talked not only about low interest rates but also lower down-payment requirements. I might add that a couple of the lenders did say that they thought the credit pendulum had swung too far. They felt that credit conditions had become too easy, and they were anticipating some potential difficulties going forward—presumably in somebody else’s shop! [Laughter] Second, they reported that at least in some markets a significant percentage of the purchases of new units were by investors, where the term “investors” means people who don’t intend to occupy the property, at least not immediately. As best they could judge, in some markets investors were buying up to 30 percent of the new additions to supply. And finally, they noted that there seemed to be some acceleration of purchases by first-time homebuyers who were concerned that they were going to be priced out of the market if they waited longer. The implications of that, of course, are that at some point such sales will slow because people will have acted if they could.

CHAIRMAN GREENSPAN. Shall we take a coffee break and return in fifteen minutes, please.

Loose lending standards, widespread speculation, conversion of all kinds of buildings to residential - and this in flat land!

So in March 2004 a Fed researcher was expressing concern about house prices being out of line with fundamentals, and in November 2004 a Fed President is talking about widespread speculation ... and then there was no further discussion. The 2005 transcripts will be very interesting (to be released next year).

For more see:

Paul Krugman: Bubble Denial

Matthew Yglesias: Is Our Fed Governors Learning?

Annie Lowrey: The Fed Discussing and Dismissing the Housing Bubble in 2004

Ryan Grim at HuffingtonPost: Greenspan Wanted Housing-Bubble Dissent Kept Secret