by Calculated Risk on 4/02/2013 09:18:00 PM

On Europe from the NY Times: Unemployment in Euro Zone Reaches a Record 12%

The euro zone jobless rate rose to 12.0 percent in the first two months of the year, the latest in a series of record highs tracing to late 2011, Eurostat, the statistical agency of the European Union, reported Tuesday.

The agency revised upward the January jobless rate for the euro zone from the previously reported 11.9 percent, itself a record. For the overall European Union, Eurostat said the February jobless rate rose to 10.9 percent from 10.8 percent in January, with more than 26 million people without work across the 27-nation bloc.

Both the jobless rates and the number of unemployed are the highest Eurostat has recorded in data that reach back to 1995, before the creation of the euro.
...
“Europe is pursuing a policy that is self-evidently failing.” [said Mark Cliffe, chief economist at ING Group].

In Europe, "self-evidently failing" apparently means more of the same.

Wednesday economic releases:
• 7:00 AM ET, the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) will release the results for the mortgage purchase applications index.

• Early, Reis Q1 2013 Apartment survey of rents and vacancy rates will be released.

• At 8:15 AM, The ADP Employment Report for March. This report is for private payrolls only (no government). The consensus is for 205,000 payroll jobs added in March.

• At 10:00 AM, ISM non-Manufacturing Index for March. The consensus is for a reading of 56.0 unchanged from 56.0 in February. Note: Above 50 indicates expansion, below 50 contraction.

by Calculated Risk on 4/02/2013 03:55:00 PM

Based on an estimate from AutoData Corp, light vehicle sales were at a 15.27 million SAAR in March. That is up 8% from March 2012, and down slightly from the sales rate last month.

This was below the consensus forecast of 15.4 million SAAR (seasonally adjusted annual rate).

This graph shows the historical light vehicle sales from the BEA (blue) and an estimate for March (red, light vehicle sales of 15.27 million SAAR from AutoData).

Click on graph for larger image.

This is a solid start to the new year.    After three consecutive years of double digit auto sales growth, the growth rate will probably slow in 2013 - but this will still be another positive year for the auto industry.

Even if sales average the Q1 rate all year, Total sales would be up about 6% from 2012.

The second graph shows light vehicle sales since the BEA started keeping data in 1967.

Note: dashed line is current estimated sales rate.

This shows the huge collapse in sales in the 2007 recession, and that sales have increased significantly from the bottom.

by Calculated Risk on 4/02/2013 01:18:00 PM

From the Philly Fed:

The Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia has released the coincident indexes for the 50 states for February 2013. In the past month, the indexes increased in 45 states, decreased in three (Alabama, Illinois, and New Mexico), and remained stable in two (Hawaii and Wyoming), for a one-month diffusion index of 84. Over the past three months, the indexes increased in 46 states, decreased in two (Illinois and Wyoming), and remained stable in two (Alaska and Alabama), for a three-month diffusion index of 88.

Note: These are coincident indexes constructed from state employment data. From the Philly Fed:

The coincident indexes combine four state-level indicators to summarize current economic conditions in a single statistic. The four state-level variables in each coincident index are nonfarm payroll employment, average hours worked in manufacturing, the unemployment rate, and wage and salary disbursements deflated by the consumer price index (U.S. city average). The trend for each state’s index is set to the trend of its gross domestic product (GDP), so long-term growth in the state’s index matches long-term growth in its GDP.

Click on graph for larger image.

This is a graph is of the number of states with one month increasing activity according to the Philly Fed. This graph includes states with minor increases (the Philly Fed lists as unchanged).

In February, 47 states had increasing activity, up from 45 in January (including minor increases). This measure has been and up down over the last few years since the recovery has been sluggish.


Here is a map of the three month change in the Philly Fed state coincident indicators. This map was all red during the worst of the recession.

The map is mostly green again and suggests that the recovery is geographically widespread.

by Calculated Risk on 4/02/2013 11:01:00 AM

From Fannie Mae: Fannie Mae Reports Largest Net Income in Company History; $17.2 Billion for 2012 and $7.6 Billion for Fourth Quarter 2012

Fannie Mae today reported annual net income of $17.2 billion for 2012 and quarterly net income of $7.6 billion for the fourth quarter of 2012, compared with a net loss of $16.9 billion for 2011. The improvement in the company’s full-year and quarterly net income was due primarily to improved credit results driven by a decline in serious delinquency rates, an increase in home prices, higher sales prices on Fannie Mae-owned properties, and the company’s resolution agreements with Bank of America.

As a result of actions to strengthen its financial performance and continued improvement in the housing market, Fannie Mae’s financial results improved significantly in 2012 and the company expects to remain profitable for the foreseeable future. Based on analysis of all relevant factors, Fannie Mae determined that the valuation allowance on the company’s deferred tax assets was still appropriate as of December 31, 2012. The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2012 was $58.9 billion.

Fannie had a one time gain from their agreement with BofA, but this didn't includes releasing any of the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets:

In evaluating the recoverability of Fannie Mae’s deferred tax assets, as of December 31, 2012, the company again determined that the factors in favor of maintaining the allowance outweighed the factors in favor of releasing it. Therefore, Fannie Mae did not release any of its valuation allowance as of December 31, 2012. The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2012 was $58.9 billion.

If and when Fannie Mae does release the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets, it will be included as income in that period and will result in a corresponding increase in the company’s net worth as of the end of that period. Accordingly, Fannie Mae expects to pay Treasury a significant dividend in the quarter following a release of the valuation allowance on the company’s deferred tax assets. Although Fannie Mae has not completed its analysis, the company believes that, after considering all relevant factors, it may release the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets as early as the first quarter of 2013.

Tom Lawler reported on this last month: "Given negative earnings and prospects for negative earnings, in 2008 Fannie felt that ... a large portion of its deferred tax asset would never be realized, and as a result it created a "valuation allowance" for its net deferred asset, which hit earnings and net worth."

Now Fannie expects to release a portion of the valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets in 2013, so expect a large reported profit, probably in Q1.

And on house prices (from the Fannie SEC filing):

Specifically, the profile of our single-family guaranty book improved due to:

• A 4.7% increase in home prices in 2012 compared with a home price decline of 3.7% in 2011. Higher home prices decrease the likelihood that loans will default and reduce the amount of credit loss on loans that do default.

• An increase in sales prices of our REO properties. We received net proceeds from our REO sales equal to 59% of the loans’ unpaid principal balance in 2012, compared with 54% in 2011. Sales prices on dispositions of our REO properties improved in 2012 as a result of increased demand compared with 2011 as well as our efforts to improve the sales execution of our REO properties. The increase in sales proceeds reduces the amount of credit loss at foreclosure and, accordingly, results in a lower provision for credit losses.

• A continued reduction in the number of delinquent loans in our single-family guaranty book of business. Our serious delinquency rate declined from 3.91% as of December 31, 2011 to 3.29% as of December 31, 2012 and our “early stage” delinquencies (loans that are 30 to 89 days past due) declined from 2.91% as of December 31, 2011 to 2.62% as of December 31, 2012. The reduction in the delinquency rates is due, in part, to our efforts since 2009 to improve our underwriting standards and the credit quality of our single-family guaranty book of business, which has resulted in a decrease in the number of loans becoming delinquent. A decline in the number of loans becoming delinquent or seriously delinquent reduces our total loss reserves and provision for credit losses.

by Calculated Risk on 4/02/2013 08:47:00 AM

Reis released their Q1 2013 Office Vacancy survey this morning. Reis reported that the office vacancy rate declined slightly to 17.0% from 17.1% in Q4 2012.

From Reis VP of Research Victor Calanog:

Vacancy declined by 10 basis points during the first quarter to 17.0%. This is exactly the same pace as the 10 basis point decline recorded in the prior quarter, and roughly the same pace as any improvements in occupancy recorded throughout 2012 (when vacancies fell by a scant 30 basis points over four quarters, from 17.4% to 17.1%). If demand for office space were more robust, vacancies would be declining at a much faster pace since supply additions are virtually nil.
emphasis added

On new construction:

Occupied stock rose by only 4.020 million SF in the first quarter, roughly the same anemic pace as the prior quarter. ... Given high vacancy rates and lenders who are still skittish about committing relatively large amounts for construction and development financing, it is hard to justify breaking ground on new office projects. Only 1.578 million SF of new office space came online in the first quarter of 2013, the lowest quarterly figure for new completions since Reis began publishing quarterly data in 1999. If inventory growth for all of 2013 continued to grow at this quarter’s rate we will set a new historic low for construction activity (the previous low is 7 million SF in 1994, the nadir following the Savings and Loan crisis).

On rents:

Asking and effective rents both grew by 0.7% during the first quarter. ... Asking and effective rents have now risen for ten consecutive quarters. However, given the meager increases over the last two and a half years, rent levels are still anchored at benchmarks last observed in late 2007. National effective rents, for example, are still about 7.7% below peak levels observed in the second quarter of 2008, right before the fall of Lehman Brothers pushed the US recession into overdrive.

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows the office vacancy rate starting in 1980 (prior to 1999 the data is annual).

Reis reported the vacancy rate declined in Q1 to 17.0%, down slightly from 17.1% in Q4, and down from 17.3% in Q1 2012. The vacancy rate peaked in this cycle at 17.6% in Q3 and Q4 2010, and Q1 2011.

As Calanog noted, net absorption was still positive, even though demand for office space was low - because there is record low new construction. This remains a sluggish recovery for office space, and new construction will stay low until the vacancy rate falls much further.

Office vacancy data courtesy of Reis.

by Calculated Risk on 4/01/2013 09:29:00 PM

On Europe, from Joe Weisenthal: Expect The European Economic Trainwreck To Be On Full Display Tomorrow

A quick reminder: European PMI readings for the month of March come out tomorrow morning.

They're likely to be very ugly.

Flash PMI numbers for France and Germany were both bad, and there's no real sign that any data is improving anywhere. ... The endless decline of the economy is the real killer in Europe.

Obviously Europe needs more bloodletting (aka austerity) ...

Tuesday economic releases:
• Early, Reis Q1 2013 Office survey of rents and vacancy rates will be released.

• All day, Light vehicle sales for March. The consensus is for light vehicle sales to be at 15.4 million SAAR in March (Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate) unchanged from 15.4 SAAR in February.

• At 10:00 AM, Manufacturers' Shipments, Inventories and Orders (Factory Orders) for February. The consensus is for a 2.9% increase in orders.

by Calculated Risk on 4/01/2013 05:44:00 PM

By request, here is an update to four key indicators used by the NBER for business cycle dating: GDP, Employment, Industrial production and real personal income less transfer payments.

Note: The following graphs are all constructed as a percent of the peak in each indicator. This shows when the indicator has bottomed - and when the indicator has returned to the level of the previous peak. If the indicator is at a new peak, the value is 100%.

These graphs show that some major indicators are still below the pre-recession peaks.

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph is for real GDP through Q4 2012.

Real GDP returned to the pre-recession peak in Q4 2011, and hit new post-recession highs for five consecutive quarters.

At the worst point - in Q2 2009 - real GDP was off 4.7% from the 2007 peak.

This graph shows real personal income less transfer payments as a percent of the previous peak through the February report.

This measure was off 11.2% at the trough in October 2009.

Real personal income less transfer payments returned to the pre-recession peak in December, but that was due to a one time surge in income as some high income earners accelerated earnings to avoid higher taxes in 2013.   Real personal income less transfer payments declined sharply in January, and were 3.7% below the previous peak in February.

The third graph is for industrial production through February 2013.

Industrial production was off over 17% at the trough in June 2009, and has been one of the stronger performing sectors during the recovery.

However industrial production is still 1.2% below the pre-recession peak.  This indicator will probably return to the pre-recession peak in 2013.

The final graph is for employment and is through February 2013.  This is similar to the graph I post every month comparing percent payroll jobs lost in several recessions.

Payroll employment is still 2.2% below the pre-recession peak.

All of these indicators collapsed in 2008 and early 2009, and only real GDP is back to the pre-recession peak (personal income returned to the previous peak in December due to a one time increase in income). At the current pace of improvement, industrial production will be back to the pre-recession peak later this year, personal income less transfer payments late in 2013, and employment in late 2014.

by Calculated Risk on 4/01/2013 01:42:00 PM

Weekly Update: One of key questions for 2013 is Will Housing inventory bottom this year?. Since this is a very important question, I'm tracking inventory weekly this year.

In normal times, there is a clear seasonal pattern for inventory, with the low point for inventory in late December or early January, and then peaking in mid-to-late summer.

The NAR data is monthly and released with a lag.  However Ben at Housing Tracker (Department of Numbers) has provided me some weekly inventory data for the last several years. This is displayed on the graph below as a percentage change from the first week of the year (to normalize the data).

In 2010 (blue), inventory followed the normal seasonal pattern, however in 2011 and 2012, there was only a small increase in inventory early in the year, followed by a sharp decline for the rest of the year.

So far - through April 1st - inventory is increasing faster than in 2011 and 2012. Housing Tracker reports inventory is down -21.3% compared to the same week in 2012 - still a rapid year-over-year decline.

Click on graph for larger image.

Note: the data is a little weird for early 2011 (spikes down briefly).

In 2010, inventory was up 15% by the end of March, and close to 20% by the end of April.

For 2011 and 2012, inventory only increased about 5% at the peak and then declined for the remainder of the year.

So far in 2013, inventory is up 6.5% (above the peak percentage increase for 2011 and 2012) Right now I think inventory will not bottom until 2014, but it is still possible that inventory will bottom this year.

by Calculated Risk on 4/01/2013 11:34:00 AM

Catching up ...

The Census Bureau reported that overall construction spending increased in February:

The U.S. Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce announced today that construction spending during February 2013 was estimated at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $885.1 billion, 1.2 percent above the revised January estimate of $874.8 billion. The February figure is 7.9 percent above the February 2012 estimate of $820.7 billion.

Both private construction and public construction spending increased:

Spending on private construction was at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $613.0 billion, 1.3 percent above the revised January estimate of $605.2 billion. Residential construction was at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $303.4 billion in February, 2.2 percent above the revised January estimate of $296.9 billion. ...

February, the estimated seasonally adjusted annual rate of public construction spending was $272.1 billion, 0.9 percent above the revised January estimate of $269.6 billion.

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows private residential and nonresidential construction spending, and public spending, since 1993. Note: nominal dollars, not inflation adjusted.

Private residential spending is 55% below the peak in early 2006, and up 36% from the post-bubble low. Non-residential spending is 25% below the peak in January 2008, and up about 37% from the recent low.

Public construction spending is now 16% below the peak in March 2009 and just above the lowest level since 2006 (not inflation adjusted).

The second graph shows the year-over-year change in construction spending.

On a year-over-year basis, private residential construction spending is now up 20%. Non-residential spending is up 6% year-over-year mostly due to energy spending (power and electric). Public spending is down 1.5% year-over-year.

A few key themes:
1) Private residential construction is usually the largest category for construction spending, but there was a huge collapse in spending following the housing bubble (as expected).  Private residential is now about even with private non-residential, and residential will probably be the largest category of construction spending in 2013.  Usually private residential construction leads the economy, so this is a good sign going forward.

2) Private non-residential construction spending usually lags the economy.  There was some increase this time, mostly related to energy and power - but the key sectors of office, retail and hotels are still at very low levels.

3) Public construction spending has declined to 2006 levels (not adjusted for inflation).  This has been a drag on the economy for 4 years.

by Calculated Risk on 4/01/2013 10:07:00 AM

The ISM manufacturing index indicated expansion in March. The PMI was at 51.3% in March, down from 54.2% in February. The employment index was at 54.2%, up from 52.6%, and the new orders index was at 51.4%, down from 57.8% in February.

From the Institute for Supply Management: March 2013 Manufacturing ISM Report On Business®

Economic activity in the manufacturing sector expanded in March for the fourth consecutive month, and the overall economy grew for the 46th consecutive month, say the nation's supply executives in the latest Manufacturing ISM Report On Business®.

The report was issued today by Bradley J. Holcomb, CPSM, CPSD, chair of the Institute for Supply Management™ Manufacturing Business Survey Committee. "The PMI™ registered 51.3 percent, a decrease of 2.9 percentage points from February's reading of 54.2 percent, indicating expansion in manufacturing for the fourth consecutive month, but at a slower rate. Both the New Orders and Production Indexes reflected growth in March compared to February, albeit at slower rates, registering 51.4 and 52.2 percent, respectively. The Employment Index registered 54.2, an increase of 1.6 percentage points compared to February's reading of 52.6 percent. The Prices Index decreased 7 percentage points to 54.5, and the list of commodities up in price reflected far fewer items than in February. In addition, the Backlog of Orders, Exports and Imports Indexes all grew in March."

Click on graph for larger image.

Here is a long term graph of the ISM manufacturing index.

This was below expectations of 54.0% and suggests manufacturing expanded at a slower pace in March.

by Calculated Risk on 3/31/2013 09:27:00 PM

I'm frequently asked if the recent improvement in the economic data might be a seasonal glitch. Not according the analysts at Nomura (who first noticed it): Diminishing seasonal bias

We first alerted clients to a pattern of "seasonal bias" in the data in October 2011 and followed closely its implication for financial markets. At that time, we warned of a curious pattern that emerged after the financial crisis in which stronger-than-expected data late in the year and early in the next suggested a relatively robust recovery only to disappoint when the data turned softer in the late spring and summer. We further noted that –notwithstanding the effect of specific events – shortcomings in the methods used to seasonally adjust time-series data appeared to have contributed to that pattern.

While the bias appears to have impacted market perceptions on the underlying momentum of the economy since 2009, it is important to recognize that seasonal bias has lessened over time and, moreover, has become largely immaterial.
emphasis in research note

If the data weakens in Q2, it will probably be because of the sequestration budget cuts and not some "shortcoming" in the seasonal adjustment method.

Monday economic releases:
• At 10:00 AM ET, the ISM Manufacturing Index for March will be released. The consensus is for PMI to decrease to 54.0%. (above 50 is expansion).

• Also at 10:00 AM, Construction Spending for February. The consensus is for a 1.1% increase in construction spending.

Weekend:
• Summary for Week Ending March 29th
• Schedule for Week of March 31st

The Asian markets opened red tonight with the Nikkei down almost 1.0%.

From CNBC: Pre-Market Data and Bloomberg futures: the S&P futures are down 3 and Dow futures are down 22 (fair value).

Oil prices are down slightly with WTI futures at $97.04 per barrel and Brent at $109.95 per barrel.

by Calculated Risk on 3/31/2013 07:10:00 PM

From the NY Times: As Banks in Cyprus Falter, Other Tax Havens Step In

“We are aware of the economic problems facing Cyprus at the moment,” read one such message from a law firm in Malta, also a euro zone member. “We would like to propose an avenue of action for your consideration: offering corporate relocation to Malta,” continued the business pitch, trumpeting Malta’s low taxes and “flexible yet robust regime” for financial services.

Similar unsolicited offers have originated in well-known havens like Switzerland, Luxembourg and the Cayman Islands, as well as in a host of other locations, including Dubai and Singapore. ...

Particularly successful at luring Russians, Cyprus has built up a large infrastructure of lawyers, accountants and other professionals schooled in the arts of tax avoidance. Its corporate registry now has 320,000 registered companies, a staggering number for a country with only 860,000 people. Most are shells set up for foreign companies and wealthy individuals seeking to avoid taxes.

Meet the new tax haven, same as the old tax haven!

by Calculated Risk on 3/31/2013 10:59:00 AM

From the USA Today: Pain at the pump: Have gas prices peaked for 2013?

After surging nearly 60 cents a gallon from late December to a recent peak of $3.79 on Feb. 27, prices have fallen for 25 of the past 29 days. Nationally, regular grade gas averages $3.64 a gallon -- 28 cents below year-ago levels.

The month-long drop has come at a time when gasoline prices typically climb, prompting some industry forecasters to rethink early 2013 estimates of $4 a gallon or higher by the peak summer driving season.

Patrick DeHaan, senior petroleum analyst for price tracker GasBuddy.com, now expects average prices to peak at $3.64 to $3.69, versus the $3.95 he predicted in January.

The following graph shows the recent decrease in gasoline prices. Gasoline prices have been on a roller coaster over the last year.

Note: If you click on "show crude oil prices", the graph displays oil prices for WTI, not Brent; gasoline prices in most of the U.S. are impacted more by Brent prices.

Orange County Historical Gas Price Charts Provided by GasBuddy.com

Yesterday:
• Summary for Week Ending March 29th
• Schedule for Week of March 31st

by Calculated Risk on 3/30/2013 07:14:00 PM

Here is the unofficial problem bank list for Mar 29, 2013.

Changes and comments from surferdude808:

As anticipated, the FDIC released its enforcement action activity through February 2013 this week, which led to several changes to the Unofficial Problem Bank List. For the week, there were eight removals and two additions leaving the list at 791 institutions with assets of $290.0 billion. A year ago, the list held 948 institutions with assets of $377.6 billion. For the month of March 2013, the list shrank by a net 18 institutions and assets fell by $12.8 billion. It is the third time over the past year the list has experienced a monthly net decline of 18 institutions.

Enforcement actions were terminated against Intervest National Bank, New York, NY ($1.7 billion Ticker: IBCA); Citizens Bank and Trust Company, Chillicothe, MO ($824 million); First American International Bank, Brooklyn, NY ($527 million); American Gateway Bank, Baton Rouge, LA ($404 million); Greer State Bank, Greer, SC ($360 million Ticker: GRBS); The State Bank, Fenton, MI ($308 million Ticker: FETM); The Harbor Bank of Maryland, Baltimore, MD ($249 million Ticker: HRBK); and East Dubuque Savings Bank, Dubuque, IA ($158 million).

Added this week were Marathon Savings Bank, Wausau, WI ($180 million) and Trust Company Bank, Mason, TN ($34 million). Trust Company Bank entered the list in an unusual manner through a Prompt Corrective Action order. Normally, an institution will first receive an enforcement action such as a Consent Order or Written Agreement that seeks corrective action for many operational areas. In contrast, a Prompt Corrective Action order solely addresses capital inadequacy. This is only the eleventh institution out of more than 1,600 to enter the list in this unusual manner.

The other change to the list this week is the FDIC issuing a Prompt Corrective Action order against Bank of Wausau, Wausau, WI ($53 million).

The Treasury recently released its monthly update to Congress on the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) for February 2013. Treasury reported that 113 banking companies failed to make their required TARP dividend payment on February 15th. There are 85 institutions or their parent holding companies on the Unofficial Problem Bank List that failed to make the February 15th dividend payment (see spreadsheet). Within this group, 54 institutions have missed 10 or more quarterly dividend payments. There are 13 banks that did not make the February 15th dividend payment, but have been released from a formal enforcement action. Interestingly, the enforcement action terminations this week against Intervest National Bank, New York, NY ($4.6 million in non-current dividends); Greer State Bank, Greer, SC ($1.2 million in non-current dividends); and The Harbor Bank of Maryland, Baltimore, MD ($935 thousand in non-current dividends) occurred although the companies were unable to make the February 15th required dividend payment. While TARP was supposed to only flow to healthy banks, there are two banks that missed the latest payment that were under an enforcement action before receipt of TARP. Metropolitan National Bank, Little Rock, AR, which has missed 14 payments in a cumulative amount of $4.8 million, was under a Formal Agreement on May 28, 2008 but did not receive TARP until January 30, 2009. OneUnited Bank, Boston, MA, which has missed 16 payments in an amount of $2.4 million, has been operating under a Cease & Desist order since October 27, 2008 but received TARP on December 19, 2008. Many readers may recall OneUnited Bank because of the House Ethics Committee investigation of Representative Maxine Water’s ties to the bank (see, Ethics panel set to clear Rep. Maxine Waters).

Earlier:
• Summary for Week Ending March 29th
• Schedule for Week of March 31st

by Calculated Risk on 3/30/2013 01:12:00 PM

Earlier:
• Summary for Week Ending March 29th

The key report this week is the March employment report on Friday.

Other key reports include the ISM manufacturing index on Monday, vehicle sales on Tuesday, ISM service index on Wednesday, and the Trade Balance report on Friday.

Also Reis will release their Q1 2013 Office, Mall and Apartment vacancy rate surveys this week. Last quarter Reis reported falling vacancy rates for apartments, malls, and offices.

----- Monday, Apr 1st -----
10:00 AM ET: ISM Manufacturing Index for March.

Here is a long term graph of the ISM manufacturing index. The ISM manufacturing index indicated expansion in February at 54.2% (dashed line). The employment index was at 52.6%, and the new orders index was at 57.8%. The consensus is for PMI to decrease to 54.0%. (above 50 is expansion).

10:00 AM: Construction Spending for February. The consensus is for a 1.1% increase in construction spending.

----- Tuesday, Apr 2nd -----
Early: Reis Q1 2013 Office survey of rents and vacancy rates.

All day: Light vehicle sales for March. The consensus is for light vehicle sales to be at 15.4 million SAAR in March (Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate) unchanged from 15.4 SAAR in February.

This graph shows light vehicle sales since the BEA started keeping data in 1967. The dashed line is the February sales rate. 

10:00 AM: Manufacturers' Shipments, Inventories and Orders (Factory Orders) for February. The consensus is for a 2.9% increase in orders.

----- Wednesday, Apr 3rd -----
7:00 AM: The Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) will release the results for the mortgage purchase applications index.

Early: Reis Q1 2013 Apartment survey of rents and vacancy rates.

8:15 AM: The ADP Employment Report for March. This report is for private payrolls only (no government). The consensus is for 205,000 payroll jobs added in March.  

10:00 AM: ISM non-Manufacturing Index for March. The consensus is for a reading of 56.0 unchanged from 56.0 in February. Note: Above 50 indicates expansion, below 50 contraction.

----- Thursday, Apr 4th -----
8:30 AM: The initial weekly unemployment claims report will be released. The consensus is for claims to decrease to 350 thousand from 357 thousand last week.  The "sequester" budget cuts appear to be impacting weekly claims.

Early: Reis Q1 2013 Mall Survey of rents and vacancy rates.

10:00 AM: Trulia Price Rent Monitors for March. This is the index from Trulia that uses asking house prices adjusted both for the mix of homes listed for sale and for seasonal factors.

5:00 PM: Speech by Fed Vice Chair Janet Yellen, Communication in Monetary Policy, At the 50th Anniversary Conference of the Society of American Business Editors and Writers, Washington, D.C.

----- Friday, Apr 5th -----
8:30 AM: Employment Report for March. The consensus is for an increase of 193,000 non-farm payroll jobs in March; the economy added 236,000 non-farm payroll jobs in February.

The consensus is for the unemployment rate to be unchanged at 7.7% in March.

The second employment graph shows the percentage of payroll jobs lost during post WWII recessions through January.


The economy has added 6.35 million private sector jobs since employment bottomed in February 2010 (5.7 million total jobs added including all the public sector layoffs).

There are still 2.5 million fewer private sector jobs now than when the recession started in 2007.


8:30 AM: Trade Balance report for February from the Census Bureau.

Exports decreased in January, and imports increased (most of the increase was petroleum).

The consensus is for the U.S. trade deficit to increase to $44.8 billion in February from $44.4 billion in January.

3:00 PM: Consumer Credit for February from the Federal Reserve. The consensus is for credit to increase $16.0 billion in February.

by Calculated Risk on 3/30/2013 08:54:00 AM

This was another week of solid economic data, although we might be seeing some impact of the sequestration budget cuts on initial unemployment claims.  It looks like GDP growth in Q1 will be solid, with personal consumption expenditures on track to increase in the 3.0% to 3.5% range.

Although the February new home sales report was a little below expectations, this was still solid growth from 2012. According to the Census Bureau, there have been 63 thousand new homes sold so far in 2013 (NSA), up about 19% from the 53 thousand sold in January and February of 2012. 

Here is a summary of last week in graphs:

• New Home Sales at 411,000 SAAR in February

The Census Bureau reports New Home Sales in February were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 411 thousand. This was down from a revised 431 thousand SAAR in January (revised down from 437 thousand). 

This graph shows New Home Sales vs. recessions since 1963. The dashed line is the current sales rate.

On inventory, according to the Census Bureau:

"A house is considered for sale when a permit to build has been issued in permit-issuing places or work has begun on the footings or foundation in nonpermit areas and a sales contract has not been signed nor a deposit accepted."

Starting in 1973 the Census Bureau broke this down into three categories: Not Started, Under Construction, and Completed.

This graph shows the three categories of inventory starting in 1973.

The inventory of completed homes for sale is just above the record low. The combined total of completed and under construction is also just above the record low.

This was below expectations of 425,000 sales in February, but still a fairly solid report.

• Case-Shiller: Comp 20 House Prices increased 8.1% year-over-year in January

This graph shows the nominal seasonally adjusted Composite 10 and Composite 20 indices (the Composite 20 was started in January 2000).

The Composite 10 index is off 29.3% from the peak, and up 1.0% in January (SA). The Composite 10 is up 7.3% from the post bubble low set in Feb 2012 (SA).

The Composite 20 index is off 28.4% from the peak, and up 1.0% (SA) in January. The Composite 20 is up 8.1% from the post-bubble low set in Jan 2012 (SA).

The second graph shows the Year over year change in both indices.

The Composite 10 SA is up 7.3% compared to January 2012.

The Composite 20 SA is up 8.1% compared to January 2012. This was the eight consecutive month with a year-over-year gain since 2010 (when the tax credit boosted prices temporarily).  This was the largest year-over-year gain for the Composite 20 index since 2006.

Prices increased (SA) in 20 of the 20 Case-Shiller cities in January seasonally adjusted (prices increased in 9 of 20 cities NSA). Prices in Las Vegas are off 55.9% from the peak, and prices in Denver only off 2.0% from the peak.

This was close to the consensus forecast for a 8.2% YoY increase.

• Personal Income increased 1.1% in February, Spending increased 0.7%

This graph shows real Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) through February (2005 dollars). Note that the y-axis doesn't start at zero to better show the change.

The dashed red lines are the quarterly levels for real PCE. Both income and spending were above expectations in February, although some of the increase in spending was related to higher gasoline prices.

Using the two-month method to estimate Q1 PCE growth (first two months of the quarter), PCE was increasing at a 3.5% annual rate in Q1 2013 (using mid-month method, PCE was increasing at 3.2% rate). This suggests upward revisions to Q1 GDP forecasts.

• Real House Prices, Price-to-Rent Ratio, City Prices relative to 2000

Case-Shiller, CoreLogic and others report nominal house prices, and it is also useful to look at house prices in real terms (adjusted for inflation) and as a price-to-rent ratio.

This graph shows the Case-Shiller National and Composite-20, and the CoreLogic index, in real terms (adjusted for inflation using CPI less Shelter). Note: some people use other inflation measures to adjust for real prices.

In real terms, the National index is back to October 1999 levels, the Composite 20 index is back to December 2000, and the CoreLogic index back to February 2001.

In real terms, most of the appreciation in the last decade is gone.

In October 2004, Fed economist John Krainer and researcher Chishen Wei wrote a Fed letter on price to rent ratios: House Prices and Fundamental Value. Kainer and Wei presented a price-to-rent ratio using the OFHEO house price index and the Owners' Equivalent Rent (OER) from the BLS.

Here is a similar graph using the Case-Shiller National, Composite 20 and CoreLogic House Price Indexes.

This graph shows the price to rent ratio (January 1998 = 1.0).

On a price-to-rent basis, the Case-Shiller National index is back to Q4 1999 levels, the Composite 20 index is back to December 2000 levels, and the CoreLogic index is back to February 2001.

In real terms - and as a price-to-rent ratio - prices are mostly back to early 2000 levels.

Nominal Prices: Cities relative to Jan 2000

The last graph shows the bubble peak, the post bubble minimum, and current nominal prices relative to January 2000 prices for all the Case-Shiller cities in nominal terms.

As an example, at the peak, prices in Phoenix were 127% above the January 2000 level. Then prices in Phoenix fell slightly below the January 2000 level, and are now up 27% above January 2000 (I'll look at this in real terms later). Some cities - like Denver - are close to the peak level. Other cities, like Atlanta and Detroit, are below the January 2000 level.

• Weekly Initial Unemployment Claims increase to 357,000

From the DOL: "In the week ending March 23, the advance figure for seasonally adjusted initial claims was 357,000, an increase of 16,000 from the previous week's revised figure of 341,000."

This graph shows the 4-week moving average of weekly claims since January 2000.

The dashed line on the graph is the current 4-week average. The four-week average of weekly unemployment claims increased to 343,000 - still near the post-recession low.

Weekly claims were above the 340,000 consensus forecast.  Note: This might be the beginning of unemployment claims being impacted by the "sequestration" budget cuts.

• March Consumer Sentiment increases to 78.6

The final Reuters / University of Michigan consumer sentiment index for March increased to 78.6 from the preliminary reading of 71.8, and up from the February reading of 77.6.

This was well above the consensus forecast of 72.5, but still fairly low. There are a number of factors that impact sentiment including unemployment, gasoline prices and, for 2013, the payroll tax increase and even politics (sequestration, default threats, etc).  

The preliminary decline was probably related to both high gasoline prices and policy concerns. According to Reuters, concerns about policy have abated, and consumers expect "employment will accelerate through the rest of 2013".

by Calculated Risk on 3/29/2013 07:29:00 PM

An interesting article in the NY Times: Irish Legacy of Leniency on Mortgages Nears an End

Although there are more than 143,000 delinquent home mortgages in Ireland, foreclosures have been so politically and legally difficult that, in the last three months of last year, they numbered 38.

To put this in perspective, in the US there are about 5.1 million delinquent mortgages (from 30 days to in-foreclosure), and there were probably several hundred thousand foreclosures and short sales last quarter (Fannie and Freddie alone foreclosed on 60,000 properties last quarter). I'd expect thousand of foreclosure per quarter in Ireland, not 38.

In Ireland at the end of last December, nearly 95,000 mortgage accounts on private homes were delinquent more than 90 days ...

By international standards, Ireland has been slow to act on the problem. An analysis last year by Davy Research, part of a company that provides stock brokerage, wealth management and financial advisory services, estimated a 54 percent peak-to-trough drop in house prices and unemployment of 14 percent.

That was approximately parallel to one of the worst-hit real estate markets in the United States — the state of Nevada — where housing prices declined by more than 55 percent and unemployment hit 14 percent. But in Nevada, Davy found, the peak rate of delinquent mortgages hit 9.3 percent in the fourth quarter of 2009.

“The current Irish arrears rate of 10.2 percent and rising is now well above peak rates in comparable United States housing busts,” the report said. “A key difference between the U.S. and Ireland is the number of foreclosures” — 10 times higher in Nevada, the report said.

And now Nevada is recovering quickly. Thee unemployment rate in Nevada has fallen from 14.0% in late 2010, to 12.1% in August 2012, to 9.6% in February 2013. Of course Ireland has additional problems - being tied to the euro - but clearing out the delinquent mortgages is part of the process (modifications and short sales are alternatives to foreclosure).

by Calculated Risk on 3/29/2013 02:02:00 PM

From the National Restaurant Association: Restaurant Performance Index Fell Below 100 in February as Sales and Traffic Levels Declined

Due in large part to softer same-store sales and customer traffic levels, the National Restaurant Association’s Restaurant Performance Index (RPI) slipped below 100 in February. The RPI – a monthly composite index that tracks the health of and outlook for the U.S. restaurant industry – stood at 99.9 in February, down 0.8 percent from January’s five-month high. February represented the fourth time in the last five months that the RPI stood below 100, which signifies contraction in the index of key industry indicators.

“The Restaurant Performance Index decline was due largely to softer sales and traffic results, which fell in February amid higher gas prices and the impact of the payroll tax hike,” said Hudson Riehle, senior vice president of the Research and Knowledge Group for the Association. “In addition, sales and traffic comparisons were more difficult due to the extra day in February 2012 as a result of Leap Year.”

“Despite the sales and traffic declines in February, restaurant operators remain generally optimistic about business conditions in the months ahead, which suggests they feel the setbacks will be temporary,” Riehle added.
...
The Current Situation Index, which measures current trends in four industry indicators (same-store sales, traffic, labor and capital expenditures), stood at 98.3 in February – down 1.4 percent from January’s level. In addition, the Current Situation Index stood below 100 for the 6th consecutive month, which signifies contraction in the current situation indicators.

Click on graph for larger image.

The index decreased to 99.9 in February, down from 100.6 in January. (above 100 indicates expansion).

Restaurant spending is discretionary, so even though this is "D-list" data, I like to check it every month.

by Calculated Risk on 3/29/2013 11:19:00 AM

From the BLS: Jobless rates down in 22 states, up in 12 in Feb.; payroll jobs up in 42 states, down in 8

Regional and state unemployment rates were little changed in February. Twenty-two states had unemployment rate decreases, 12 states had increases, and 16 states and the District of Columbia had no change, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
...
California, Mississippi, and Nevada had the highest unemployment rates among the states in February, 9.6 percent each. North Dakota again had the lowest jobless rate, 3.3 percent.

Click on graph for larger image in graph gallery.

This graph shows the current unemployment rate for each state (red), and the max during the recession (blue). All states are below the maximum unemployment rate for the recession.

The size of the blue bar indicates the amount of improvement - Michigan and Nevada have seen the largest declines - New Jersey is the laggard.

The states are ranked by the highest current unemployment rate. No state has double digit unemployment and the unemployment rate is above 9% in only seven states: Mississippi, California, Nevada, Illinois, North Carolina, Rhode Island and New Jersey. In early 2010, almost half the states had an unemployment rate above 9%.

The unemployment rate is falling quickly in some states like Nevada and California. As an example, the unemployment rate in Nevada has fallen from 12.1% in August 2012 to 9.6% in February 2013.

by Calculated Risk on 3/29/2013 10:12:00 AM

Click on graph for larger image.

The final Reuters / University of Michigan consumer sentiment index for March increased to 78.6 from the preliminary reading of 71.8, and up from the February reading of 77.6.

This was well above the consensus forecast of 72.5, but still fairly low. There are a number of factors that impact sentiment including unemployment, gasoline prices and, for 2013, the payroll tax increase and even politics (sequestration, default threats, etc).  

The preliminary decline was probably related to both high gasoline prices and policy concerns. According to Reuters, concerns about policy have abated, and consumers expect "employment will accelerate through the rest of 2013".