by Calculated Risk on 6/08/2010 06:57:00 PM

Form the NY Times: Spain Hit by Strike Over Austerity Measures

Spanish public workers went on strike on Tuesday against a cut in their wages in what could be the first of several union-led protests against the government’s latest austerity measures.

From The Times: Osborne’s four-year austerity programme

George Osborne braced the country for cuts in government spending of up to 20 per cent as he laid the ground for an austerity programme to last the whole parliament.

From Der Spiegel (a week ago): ECB Buying Up Greek Bonds (ht Chris)

Bonds worth about €3 billion are now being purchased on every trading day, with €2 billion of the bonds coming from Athens.

From Bloomberg: Greek Default Seen by Almost 75% in Poll Doubtful About Trichet

Global investors have little confidence in Europe’s efforts to contain its debt crisis or in European Central Bank President Jean-Claude Trichet, with 73 percent calling a default by Greece likely.

From the NY Times: E.U. Finance Ministers Agree on Tighter Oversight

Despite continuing tensions over economic policy, European Union finance ministers agreed Tuesday on far-reaching steps to tighten oversight of national governments’ budgets and crack down on falsification of economic data, in a concerted effort to avert a further loss of confidence in the euro.

by Calculated Risk on 6/08/2010 04:01:00 PM

The euro is up slightly to 1.1944 dollars. The TED spread increased to 43.24 (a measure of credit stress). This TED spread has been increasing slowly ...

Click on graph for larger image in new window.

And a market graph from Doug Short of dshort.com (financial planner).

This graph shows the ups and downs of the market since the high in 2007.

And on the issue of state budget cuts, from the NY Times yesterday: Medicaid Cut Places States in Budget Bind

The Medicaid provision ... was considered such a sure bet by many governors and legislative leaders that they prematurely included the money in their budgeting. ... at least 30 states will have to close larger-than-anticipated shortfalls in the coming fiscal year unless Congress passes a six-month extension of increased federal spending on Medicaid.
...
In California, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s proposed budget assumed $1.5 billion in increased federal aid for Medicaid. ... In New York, which started its fiscal year on April 1 without a financial plan, Gov. David A. Paterson’s proposed budget included $1.1 billion in unsecured federal financing.
...
“I’m very concerned about the level of federal spending and what it would mean for the long term,” said Gov. Jim Douglas of Vermont, a Republican and chairman of the National Governors Association. “But for the short term, states need this bridge to sustain the safety net of human services programs and education.”

by Calculated Risk on 6/08/2010 01:21:00 PM

I've been forecasting a 2nd half slowdown in GDP growth based on:
1) less Federal stimulus spending in the 2nd half of 2010,
2) the end of the inventory correction,
3) more household saving leading to slower growth in personal consumption expenditures,
4) another downturn in housing (lower prices, less residential investment),
5) slowdown in China and Europe and
6) cutbacks at the state and local level.

Some recent reports - like the disappointing employment report for May, reports of pending home sales collapsing in May (after the expiration of the tax credit), soft retail sales in April, a soft month for rail traffic in May - might suggest the slowdown has already started.

However other recent reports - like the ISM manufacturing and service surveys, Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization in April and U.S. auto sales - suggest decent expansion in Q2.

My guess is GDP growth in Q2 will be close to 3% - sluggish for a recovery, but about the same as Q1. So I don't think the 2nd half slowdown has started yet.

Note on housing: I think the news flow will soon turn negative for housing. Existing home sales will be strong in May and June (reported at close) and house prices will be decent through June (reported with a significant lag), but housing starts, new home sales, and house prices later this summer will probably all turn down. And pending home sales will collapse in May, and existing home sales will follow this summer. I think we will see new lows (but not huge declines) for the repeat sales house price indexes later this year.

by Calculated Risk on 6/08/2010 10:00:00 AM

From the BLS: Job Openings and Labor Turnover Summary

There were 3.1 million job openings on the last business day of April 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The job openings rate increased over the month to 2.3 percent. The hires rate (3.3 percent) and the separations rate (3.1 percent) were unchanged.

Note: The difference between JOLTS hires and separations is similar to the CES (payroll survey) net jobs headline numbers. The CES (Current Employment Statistics, payroll survey) is for positions, the CPS (Current Population Survey, commonly called the household survey) is for people.

The following graph shows job openings (purple), hires (blue), Total separations (include layoffs, discharges and quits) (red) and Layoff, Discharges and other (yellow) from the JOLTS.

Unfortunately this is a new series and only started in December 2000.

Click on graph for larger image in new window.

Notice that hires (blue) and separations (red) are pretty close each month. Right now about 4 million people lose their jobs each month, and over 4 million are hired (this is the labor turnover in the economy).

When the hires (blue line) is above total separations (as in April), the economy is adding net jobs, when the blue line is below total separations, the economy is losing net jobs.

According to the JOLTS report, there were 4.304 million hires in April (SA), and 4.000 million total separations, or 304 thousand net jobs gained. The comparable CES report showed a gain of 290 thousand jobs in April (after revision).

Note: Hires include Census 2010 temporary hires.

Layoffs and discharges have declined sharply from early 2009 - and are near a series low - and that is a good sign. And the number of job openings increased sharply in April, although the level is still pretty low.

Job openings and "layoffs and discharges" have been improving, but the overall labor turnover is still low.

by Calculated Risk on 6/08/2010 08:34:00 AM

From NFIB: Small Business Optimism Increases But Not Enough to Spur Hiring, Capital Spending

The National Federation of Independent Business Index of Small Business Optimism gained 1.6 points in May with a reading of 92.2. Although not a strong sign of recovery, it is headed in the right direction. It is the best reading since September 2008’s 92.9 index that occurred just before the five-point decline in October that started the rapid deterioration in the fourth quarter of 2008. In May, seven of the 10 index components rose, but job creation and capital expenditure plans barely gained and remained at recession levels.

“The performance of the economy is mediocre at best,” said William C. Dunkelberg, NFIB’s chief economist.
...
In May, firms still shed workers ... The small business sector is not contributing to private sector employment growth.

The outlook has improved, but the recovery is sluggish and hiring is "bleak".

“"The recovery in optimism we are currently experiencing is very weak compared to recoveries after 1982 or 1975."

Note: although the press release doesn't mention it, there is a heavy concentration of construction related businesses in the small business sector - and obviously that is one of the weakest sectors.

by Calculated Risk on 6/07/2010 11:30:00 PM

From Sewell Chan at the NY Times: Bernanke Forecasts a Fitful Recovery

“My best guess is that we’ll have a continued recovery, but it won’t feel terrific,” Mr. Bernanke told the broadcast journalist Sam Donaldson in a question-and-answer session at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
...
“Even though technically we’ll be in recovery and the economy will be growing, unemployment will still be high for a while and that means that a lot of people will be under financial stress,” he said.

The Asian markets are up somewhat tonight.

The CNBC Pre-Market Data shows the S&P 500 up about 5 points and the Dow futures are up about 40 points.

The Euro is up slightly at 1.196 dollars

Best to all.

by Calculated Risk on 6/07/2010 06:42:00 PM

The Sacramento Association of REALTORS® is breaking out monthly resales by equity sales (conventional resales), and distressed sales (Short sales and REO sales), and I'm following this series as an example to see mix changes in a distressed area.

Click on graph for larger image in new window.

Here is the May data.

The Sacramento Association started breaking out REO sales in 2008, but they have only broken out short sales since June 2009 - so we now have one year of data.

In May, 60.1% of all resales (single family homes and condos) were distressed sales. This is the lowest level over the last year.

Note: This data is not seasonally adjusted.

The second graph shows the percent of REO, short sales and conventional sales. The percent of short sales is near the high set in December and will probably continue to increase later this year (2010 is the year of the short sale!).

The percent of REOs has been generally declining (seasonally there are a larger percentage of REOs in the winter). Also there appears to be a higher percentage of conventional sales associated with the tax credit.

Also total sales in May were off 1.8% compared to May 2009; the 12th month in a row with declining YoY sales - even with the tax credit buying this year!

On financing, 57 percent were either all cash (23.3%) or FHA loans (33.6%), suggesting most of the activity in distressed former bubble areas like Sacramento is first time home buyers using government-insured FHA loans, and investors paying cash.

Starting in June we can do some year-over-year comparisons. It appears short sales will be up substantially YoY and REOs down, and it will be interesting to see the level of total distressed sales once the tax credit buying is behind us (July).

by Calculated Risk on 6/07/2010 03:49:00 PM

From the Association of American Railroads: Rail Time Indicators. The AAR reports traffic in May 2010 was up 15.8% compared to May 2009 - and traffic was still 11.8% lower than in May 2008.

Click on graph for larger image in new window.

This graph shows U.S. average weekly rail carloads. Traffic increased in 18 of 19 major commodity categories YoY.

From AAR:

• U.S. freight railroads originated 1,153,675 carloads in May 2010, an average of 288,419 carloads per week. That’s up 15.8% from May 2009 (which is the second highest percentage gain ever, behind April 2010 — see chart ...) but down 11.8% from May 2008.

• U.S. railroads averaged 294,758 carloads per week in April 2010 and 288,793 in March 2010. Thus, May 2010’s average was actually down slightly from those months ... One month does not a trend make, but it would obviously be worrisome if the decline continued.

• As was the case in April 2010, the big year-over-year percentage gains in May 2010 U.S. rail traffic were partly a function of easy comparisons (May 2009 was a miserable month for rail traffic) and partly a function of real traffic growth.

• For the purposes of AAR rail traffic data, May 2010 consists of the four weeks ending May 29 — i.e., it does not include Memorial Day, which was May 31 this year. However, the May 2009 and May 2008 comparison months do include Memorial Day. The net result is that May 2010 data is a bit overstated relative to the two previous years, and June 2010 will be a bit understated relative to the two previous years. It is impossible to know exactly how much rail traffic is affected.
excerpts with permission

As the graph above shows, rail traffic collapsed in November 2008, and now eleven months into the recovery, traffic has only recovered about half way. This is more evidence of a sluggish recovery ... and the decline in May is concerning, although one month does not make a trend (and May was "a bit overstated" due to the timing of Memorial Day).

by Calculated Risk on 6/07/2010 03:00:00 PM

The Federal Reserve reports:

Consumer credit increased at an annual rate of 1/2 percent in April 2010. Revolving credit decreased at an annual rate of 12 percent, and nonrevolving credit increased at an annual rate of 7 percent.

Click on graph for larger image in new window.

This graph shows the year-over-year (YoY) change in consumer credit. Consumer credit is off 3.2% over the last 12 months.

Note: The Fed reports a simple annual rate (multiplies change in month by 12) as opposed to a compounded annual rate. Consumer credit does not include real estate debt.

Usually there is a fairly sharp increase in consumer credit during a robust recovery - but that isn't happening this time because household balance sheets are still a mess. Just another reminder that the recovery will be sluggish and choppy ...

by Calculated Risk on 6/07/2010 12:00:00 PM

Last week I posted the Impact of Census 2010 on Payroll Report

My estimate was that the 2010 Census would add 417,000 payroll jobs in May; the actual was 411,000 payroll jobs.

My preliminary estimate is the Census will subtract 200,000 payroll jobs in June - and most of the remaining temporary Census jobs (564,000 total in May) will be unwound by September.

I've been puzzling over how much (if any) these temporary jobs lowered the unemployment rate in May. I think these workers come from three groups:
1) already employed workers taking a part time job,
2) people not in the workforce picking up a little temporary income (like retirees or students who would otherwise not be in the workforce), and
3) the unemployed taking a part time job.

Sure enough there was an increase in people working multiple jobs in May. The number of multiple jobholders jumped by 210,000 in May (seasonally adjusted). There can be other reasons for this increase, but if we assume these are mostly Census workers, then about half the 411,000 additional Census workers already have other jobs - so for these workers, the temporary Census jobs has no impact on the unemployment rate.

The other half are probably otherwise unemployed workers, or people not in the workforce (although the participation rate declined in May). If we assume that this is mostly unemployed workers, these temporary hires lowered the unemployment rate by around 0.1% (from 9.8% to 9.7%).