by Calculated Risk on 7/25/2025 05:01:00 PM

What this means: On a weekly basis, Realtor.com reports the year-over-year change in active inventory and new listings. On a monthly basis, they report total inventory. For June, Realtor.com reported inventory was up 28.9% YoY, but still down 12.9% compared to the 2017 to 2019 same month levels. 

Here is their weekly report: Weekly Housing Trends: Latest Data as of July 19

• Active inventory climbed 24.4% year over year

The number of homes active on the market climbed 24.4% year over year, slightly lower than last week. This represents the 89th consecutive week of annual gains in inventory. There were more than 1 million homes for sale again last week, marking the 11th week in a row over the threshold and the highest inventory level since November 2019.

• New listings—a measure of sellers putting homes up for sale—rose 7.2% year over year

New listings rose again last week on an annual basis by 7.2% compared with the same period last year. The June Housing Report showed that new listings declined month over month for the second consecutive month after peaking in April. This figure suggests that the trend could turn around soon.

• The median list price was up 0.8% year over year

The median list price climbed again this week, but is still down 0.2% year to date. The median list price per square foot—which adjusts for changes in home size—rose 0.5% year over year. With inventory on the rise and more than 1 in 5 sellers cutting prices, the market continues to soften and shift toward more buyer favorability.

With inventory climbing, and sales depressed, months-of-supply is at the highest level since 2016 putting downward pressure on house prices in an increasing number of areas.

Weekly Schedule

by Calculated Risk on 7/25/2025 02:01:00 PM

The advance estimate of Q2 GDP will be released next Wednesday. The consensus is real GDP increased at a 2.5% annual rate in Q2. BofA economists noted this morning:

"The increase in the headline print would be on the back of a reversal of the surge in imports due to pre-tariff front loading in 1Q. Consumer spending should increase by 1.5% after the weather-driven 1Q decline. Equipment investment is likely to decline after the outsized increase in 1Q. Hence final sales will likely come in at a weak 0.3%."

From BofA:

Since our last weekly publication, our 2Q GDP tracking is unchanged at 2.2% q/q saar. [July 25th estimate]
emphasis added

From Goldman:

We left our Q2 GDP tracking estimate unchanged at +2.7% (quarter-over-quarter annualized) and our Q2 domestic final sales estimate unchanged at +0.9%. [July 25th estimate]

And from the Atlanta Fed: GDPNow

The GDPNow model estimate for real GDP growth (seasonally adjusted annual rate) in the second quarter of 2025 is 2.4 percent on July 25, unchanged from July 18 after rounding. The forecasts of the major GDP subcomponents were all unchanged or little changed from their July 18 values after this week’s releases from the US Census Bureau and the National Association of Realtors. [July 25th estimate]

by Calculated Risk on 7/25/2025 10:56:00 AM

Today, in the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter: Final Look at Local Housing Markets in June and a Look Ahead to July Sales

A brief excerpt:

After the National Association of Realtors® (NAR) releases the monthly existing home sales report, I pick up additional local market data that is reported after the NAR. This is the final look at local markets in June.

There were several key stories for June:

• Sales NSA are down 1.5% year-over-year (YoY) through June compared to the same period in 2024, and sales last year were the lowest since 1995! The YoY comparisons will be fairly easy for the next three months, so sales in 2025 might be close to the level in 2024.

• Sales SA were down or unchanged YoY for the 5th consecutive month and have been down YoY for 41 of the last 46 months.

• Months-of-supply is at the highest level since 2016.

• The median price is barely up YoY, and with the increases in inventory, some regional areas will see more price declines - and we might see national price declines later this year (or in 2026).

Sales at 3.93 million on a Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate (SAAR) basis were below the consensus estimate; however, housing economist Tom Lawler’s estimate was right on (usually very close).

Sales averaged close to 5.40 million SAAR for the month of June in the 2017-2019 period. So, sales are about 27% below pre-pandemic levels.
...
In June, sales in these markets were up 4.7% YoY NSA. Last month, in May, these same markets were also down 3.8% YoY Not Seasonally Adjusted (NSA). The NAR reported sales in June were up 4.0% YoY NSA, so this sample is close.

Important: There were more working days in June 2025 (20) than in June 2024 (19). So, the year-over-year change in the headline SA data was lower than for the NSA data. According to the NAR, seasonally adjusted sales were unchanged YoY in June.
...
More local data coming in August for activity in July!

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/25/2025 08:11:00 AM

From STR: U.S. hotel results for week ending 19 July

The U.S. hotel industry reported negative year-over-year comparisons, according to CoStar’s latest data through 19 July. ...

13-19 July 2025 (percentage change from comparable week in 2024):

• Occupancy: 71.6% (-2.6%)
• Average daily rate (ADR): US$165.49 (-0.7%)
• Revenue per available room (RevPAR): US$118.54 (-3.3%)
emphasis added

The following graph shows the seasonal pattern for the hotel occupancy rate using the four-week average.

Click on graph for larger image.

The red line is for 2025, blue is the median, and dashed light blue is for 2024.  Dashed purple is for 2018, the record year for hotel occupancy. 

The 4-week average of the occupancy rate is tracking behind last year and the median rate for the period 2000 through 2024 (Blue).

Note: Y-axis doesn't start at zero to better show the seasonal change.

The 4-week average will likely increase over the next several weeks.

On a year-to-date basis, the only worse years for occupancy over the last 25 years were pandemic or recession years.

by Calculated Risk on 7/24/2025 07:54:00 PM

Note: Mortgage rates are from MortgageNewsDaily.com and are for top tier scenarios.

Friday:
• At 8:30 AM ET,Durable Goods Orders for June from the Census Bureau. The consensus is for a 10.0% decrease in durable goods orders.

by Calculated Risk on 7/24/2025 04:21:00 PM

From J.D. Power: New-Vehicle Retail Sales Up 4.1% for July and Consumer Spending Sets Record for Month with $49.8 Billion Spent on New Vehicles Brief excerpt:

The seasonally adjusted annualized rate (SAAR) for total new-vehicle sales is expected to be 16.4 million units, up 0.8 million units from July 2024.
emphasis added

From Haig Stoddard at Omdia: US Light Vehicle Sales Headed for Rebound in July (pay content).  Brief excerpt:

July US light-vehicle sales will improve on June's results, as the expected negative impacts from automotive tariffs are yet to fully kick in.

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows actual sales from the BEA (Blue), and J.D. Power's forecast for July (Red).

On a seasonally adjusted annual rate basis, the J.D. Power forecast of 16.4 million SAAR would be down 6.9% from last month, and up 3.6% from a year ago.

by Calculated Risk on 7/24/2025 02:12:00 PM

From Intercontinental Exchange: ICE First Look at Mortgage Performance: Delinquencies Trend Slightly Higher in June as Foreclosure Activity Continues to Rise off Pandemic-Era Lows

Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. (NYSE:ICE) ... today released its June 2025 ICE First Look, which shows that while overall mortgage payment performance remains strong, delinquencies rose on a monthly basis while foreclosures trended notably higher year over year (YoY).

Key takeaways from the ICE First Look, which reports on month-end delinquency, foreclosure and prepayment statistics sourced from ICE’s loan-level database, include:

• The national delinquency rate rose by 15 basis points (bps) from May to 3.35% driven by early-stage delinquencies. FHA delinquencies, which tend to experience more seasonality, rose by 41 bps in the month, hitting their highest June level since 2013, excluding the 2020-2021 pandemic-era impact.

• Serious delinquencies (SDQs) – loans 90+ days past due but not in foreclosure – held steady but are up +8% (35K) YoY, with FHA loans now accounting for +51% of all SDQs nationwide.

• Foreclosure activity continues to rise off pandemic-era lows with the share of loans in active foreclosure up +10% from the same time last year. Foreclosure starts and sales both rose YoY in each of the past four months.

• Prepayment activity, measured in single month mortality, slipped by 6 bps to 0.65% on higher rates, although it remains up +22% from the same time last year.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

Here is a table from ICE.

by Calculated Risk on 7/24/2025 10:49:00 AM

Today, in the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter: New Home Sales Increase to 627,000 Annual Rate in June

Brief excerpt:

The Census Bureau reported New Home Sales in June were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 627 thousand. The previous three months were revised down, combined.
...
The next graph shows new home sales for 2024 and 2025 by month (Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate). Sales in June 2025 were down 6.6% from June 2024.

New home sales, seasonally adjusted, have been down year-over-year for 6 consecutive months.

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/24/2025 10:00:00 AM

The Census Bureau reports New Home Sales in June were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 627 thousand.

The previous three months were revised down, combined.

Sales of new single-family houses in June 2025 were at a seasonally-adjusted annual rate of 627,000, according to estimates released jointly today by the U.S. Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. This is 0.6 percent above the May 2025 rate of 623,000, and is 6.6 percent below the June 2024 rate of 671,000.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

The first graph shows New Home Sales vs. recessions since 1963. The dashed line is the current sales rate.

New home sales were below pre-pandemic levels.

The second graph shows New Home Months of Supply.

The months of supply increased in June to 9.8 months from 9.7 months in May.

The all-time record high was 12.2 months of supply in January 2009. The all-time record low was 3.3 months in August 2020.

This is well above the top of the normal range (about 4 to 6 months of supply is normal).

"The seasonally-adjusted estimate of new houses for sale at the end of June 2025 was 511,000. This is 1.2 percent above the May 2025 estimate of 505,000, and is 8.5 percent (±5.4 percent) above the June 2024 estimate of 471,000.

This represents a supply of 9.8 months at the current sales rate. The months' supply is 1.0 percent above the May 2025 estimate of 9.7 months, and is 16.7 percent above the June 2024 estimate of 8.4 months."

Sales were below expectations of 650 thousand SAAR and sales for the three previous months were revised down, combined. I'll have more later today.

by Calculated Risk on 7/24/2025 08:30:00 AM

The DOL reported:

In the week ending July 19, the advance figure for seasonally adjusted initial claims was 217,000, a decrease of 4,000 from the previous week's unrevised level of 221,000. The 4-week moving average was 224,500, a decrease of 5,000 from the previous week's unrevised average of 229,500.
emphasis added

The following graph shows the 4-week moving average of weekly claims since 1971.

Click on graph for larger image.

The dashed line on the graph is the current 4-week average. The four-week average of weekly unemployment claims decreased to 224,500.

The previous week was unrevised.

Weekly claims were lower than the consensus forecast.

by Calculated Risk on 7/23/2025 07:53:00 PM

Note: Mortgage rates are from MortgageNewsDaily.com and are for top tier scenarios.

Thursday:
• At 8:30 AM, The initial weekly unemployment claims report will be released. The consensus is for initial claims to increase to 230 thousand from 221 thousand last week.

• Also t 8:30 AM, Chicago Fed National Activity Index for June. This is a composite index of other data.

• At 10:00 AM, New Home Sales for June from the Census Bureau. The consensus is for 650 thousand SAAR, up from 623 thousand in May.

• At 11:00 AM, Kansas City Fed Survey of Manufacturing Activity for July.

by Calculated Risk on 7/23/2025 06:36:00 PM

Note: This index is a leading indicator primarily for new Commercial Real Estate (CRE) investment.

From the AIA: ABI June 2025: Architecture firm billings remain soft, while inquiries increase

The AIA/Deltek Architecture Billings Index score was 46.8 for the month, indicating that the majority of architecture firms are still experiencing a decline in their billings. However, inquiries into new projects increased for the second consecutive month and grew at the strongest pace since last fall. This means that clients are starting to send out RFPs and initiate conversations with architecture firms about potential projects after a lull since mid-winter. However, these inquiries do not necessarily translate into actual projects, as the value of newly signed design contracts declined for the 16th consecutive month in June. It is unlikely that firm billings will return to positive territory until the value of new design contracts also starts to increase again.

Business conditions remained generally soft across the country in June, although firms located in the South reported a very slight increase in billings for the first time since last October. Firms in all other regions experienced a decline in billings, with the pace of the decline slowing modestly. Firms of all specializations also saw billings soften further in June, although the pace of the billings decline continued to slow at firms with commercial/industrial and institutional specializations. However, conditions remained weakest at firms with a multifamily specialization, where billings declined further this month.
...
The ABI score is a leading economic indicator of construction activity, providing an approximately nine-to-twelve-month glimpse into the future of nonresidential construction spending activity. The score is derived from a monthly survey of architecture firms that measures the change in the number of services provided to clients.
emphasis added

• Northeast (46.5); Midwest (45.7); South (50.6); West (45.8)

• Sector index breakdown: commercial/industrial (47.4); institutional (49.2); multifamily residential (43.8)

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows the Architecture Billings Index since 1996. The index was at 46.8 in June, down from 47.2 in May.  Anything below 50 indicates a decrease in demand for architects' services.

This index has indicated contraction for 31 of the last 33 months.

Note: This includes commercial and industrial facilities like hotels and office buildings, multi-family residential, as well as schools, hospitals and other institutions.

This index usually leads CRE investment by 9 to 12 months, so this index suggests a slowdown in CRE investment throughout 2025 and into 2026.

Multi-family billings have been below 50 for the 35 consecutive months.  This suggests we will see continued weakness in multi-family starts.

by Calculated Risk on 7/23/2025 03:01:00 PM

From the Philly Fed:

The Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia has released the coincident indexes for the 50 states for June 2025. Over the past three months, the indexes increased in 40 states, decreased in seven states, and remained stable in three, for a three-month diffusion index of 66. Additionally, in the past month, the indexes increased in 41 states, decreased in four states, and remained stable in five, for a one-month diffusion index of 74. For comparison purposes, the Philadelphia Fed has also developed a similar coincident index for the entire United States. The Philadelphia Fed’s U.S. index increased 0.7 percent over the past three months and 0.3 percent in June.
emphasis added

Note: These are coincident indexes constructed from state employment data. An explanation from the Philly Fed:

The coincident indexes combine four state-level indicators to summarize current economic conditions in a single statistic. The four state-level variables in each coincident index are nonfarm payroll employment, average hours worked in manufacturing by production workers, the unemployment rate, and wage and salary disbursements deflated by the consumer price index (U.S. city average). The trend for each state’s index is set to the trend of its gross domestic product (GDP), so long-term growth in the state’s index matches long-term growth in its GDP.

Click on map for larger image.

Here is a map of the three-month change in the Philly Fed state coincident indicators. This map was all red during the worst of the Pandemic and also at the worst of the Great Recession.

The map is mostly positive on a three-month basis.

Source: Philly Fed.

And here is a graph is of the number of states with one month increasing activity according to the Philly Fed. 

This graph includes states with minor increases (the Philly Fed lists as unchanged).

In June, 44 states had increasing activity including minor increases.

by Calculated Risk on 7/23/2025 10:53:00 AM

Today, in the CalculatedRisk Real Estate Newsletter: NAR: Existing-Home Sales Decreased to 3.93 million SAAR in June; Unchanged YoY

Excerpt:

Sales in June (3.93 million SAAR) were down 2.7% from the previous month and were unchanged compared to the June 2024 sales rate. This was the 5th consecutive month with sales unchanged or down year-over-year. ... The sales rate was below the consensus forecast (but right at housing economist Tom Lawler’s estimate).
...
Sales Year-over-Year and Not Seasonally Adjusted (NSA)

The fourth graph shows existing home sales by month for 2024 and 2025.

Sales were unchanged year-over-year compared to June 2024. This was the 5th consecutive month with sales unchanged or down year-over-year. The next three months will also have the easy year-over-year comparisons.
...
On an NSA basis for the month of June, this was 7% below the low for housing bust for the month of June that happened in June 2008. Year-to-date, sales are down 1.5% NSA.

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/23/2025 10:00:00 AM

From the NAR: NAR Existing-Home Sales Report Shows 2.7% Decrease in June

Existing-home sales decreased by 2.7% in June, according to the National Association of REALTORS® Existing-Home Sales Report. ...

Month-over-month sales declined in the Northeast, Midwest and South and rose modestly in the West. Year-over-year, sales fell in the Northeast and West, while rising in the Midwest and South. ...

• 2.7% decrease in existing-home sales -- seasonally adjusted annual rate of 3.93 million in June.

• Year-over-year: No change in existing-home sales.

• 0.6% decline in unsold inventory -- 1.53 million units equal to 4.7 months' supply.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows existing home sales, on a Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate (SAAR) basis since 1994.

Sales in June (3.93 million SAAR) were down 2.7% from the previous month and were unchanged compared to the June 2024 sales rate.  This was the 5th consecutive month with sales unchanged or down year-over-year.  

The second graph shows nationwide inventory for existing homes.

According to the NAR, inventory decreased to 1.53 million in June from 1.54 million the previous month.

Headline inventory is not seasonally adjusted, and inventory usually decreases to the seasonal lows in December and January, and peaks in mid-to-late summer.

The last graph shows the year-over-year (YoY) change in reported existing home inventory and months-of-supply. Since inventory is not seasonally adjusted, it really helps to look at the YoY change. Note: Months-of-supply is based on the seasonally adjusted sales and not seasonally adjusted inventory.

Inventory was up 15.9% year-over-year (blue) in June compared to June 2024.

Months of supply (red) increased to 4.7 months in June from 4.6 months the previous month.

As expected, the sales rate was below the consensus forecast.  I'll have more later. 

by Calculated Risk on 7/23/2025 07:00:00 AM

From the MBA: Mortgage Applications Increase in Latest MBA Weekly Survey

Mortgage applications increased 0.8 percent from one week earlier, according to data from the Mortgage Bankers Association’s (MBA) Weekly Mortgage Applications Survey for the week ending July 18, 2025.

The Market Composite Index, a measure of mortgage loan application volume, increased 0.8 percent on a seasonally adjusted basis from one week earlier. On an unadjusted basis, the Index increased 1 percent compared with the previous week. The Refinance Index decreased 3 percent from the previous week and was 22 percent higher than the same week one year ago. The seasonally adjusted Purchase Index increased 3 percent from one week earlier. The unadjusted Purchase Index increased 4 percent compared with the previous week and was 22 percent higher than the same week one year ago.

“The 30-year fixed mortgage rate edged higher last week to its highest level in four weeks at 6.84 percent, while rates for other loan types were mixed. Purchase applications finished the week higher, driven by conventional purchase loans, and continue to run ahead of last year’s pace,” said Joel Kan, MBA’s Vice President and Deputy Chief Economist. “After reaching $460,000 in March 2025, the purchase loan amount has fallen to its lowest level since January 2025 to $426,700. With the 30-year fixed rate still too high to benefit many borrowers, refinance applications were down almost three percent for the week.”
...
The average contract interest rate for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages with conforming loan balances ($806,500 or less) increased to 6.84 percent from 6.82 percent, with points remaining unchanged at 0.62 (including the origination fee) for 80 percent loan-to-value ratio (LTV) loans.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

The first graph shows the MBA mortgage purchase index.

According to the MBA, purchase activity is up 22% year-over-year unadjusted. 

Red is a four-week average (blue is weekly).  

Purchase application activity is still depressed, but above the lows of October 2023 and slightly above the lowest levels during the housing bust.  

The second graph shows the refinance index since 1990.

The refinance index decreased and remains very low.

by Calculated Risk on 7/22/2025 07:28:00 PM

Note: Mortgage rates are from MortgageNewsDaily.com and are for top tier scenarios.

Wednesday:
• At 7:00 AM ET, The Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) will release the results for the mortgage purchase applications index.

• At 10:00 AM: Existing Home Sales for June from the National Association of Realtors (NAR). The consensus is for 4.00 million SAAR, down from 4.03 million last month.

• During the day: The AIA's Architecture Billings Index for June (a leading indicator for commercial and multi-family real estate).

by Calculated Risk on 7/22/2025 03:11:00 PM

This is something to watch again. Here is another update on lumber prices.

SPECIAL NOTE: The CME group discontinued the Random Length Lumber Futures contract on May 16, 2023.  I switched to a physically-delivered Lumber Futures contract that was started in August 2022.  Unfortunately, this impacts long term price comparisons since the new contract was priced about 24% higher than the old random length contract for the period when both contracts were available.

This graph shows CME random length framing futures through August 2022 (blue), and the new physically-delivered Lumber Futures (LBR) contract starting in August 2022 (Red).

On July 22, 2025, LBR was at $669.50 per 1,000 board feet, up 30% from a year ago.

Click on graph for larger image.

There is somewhat of a seasonal demand for lumber, and lumber prices frequently peak in the first half of the year.

The pickup in early 2018 was due to the Trump lumber tariffs in 2017.  There were huge increases during the pandemic due to a combination of supply constraints and a pickup in housing starts.  

by Calculated Risk on 7/22/2025 11:33:00 AM

There are four remaining FOMC meetings this year: July, September, October and December.  It is very unlikely that the FOMC will cut rates next week, but there are very different views on the rest of 2025.

First, from BofA:

With the u-rate rising more gradually in our new forecast and core PCE inflation likely to reach 3% over the summer, we don't think the Fed will be able to cut rates this year.

And from Goldman Sachs:

Starting in September, we expect the FOMC to deliver three consecutive 25bp cuts, provided inflation expectations remain in check amidst worries about Fed independence.

Currently, market participants expect rate cuts in September and December.

by Calculated Risk on 7/22/2025 08:43:00 AM

Today, in the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter: California Home Sales Down Slightly YoY in June

A brief excerpt:

The NAR is scheduled to release June existing home sales on Wednesday, July 23rd at 10:00 AM ET. The consensus is for 4.00 million SAAR, down from 4.03 million last month.

Housing economist Tom Lawler expects the NAR to report sales at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 3.92 million for June, down from May and down slightly year-over-year.

California reports Seasonally Adjusted (SA) sales and some measures of inventory whereas most of the local is Not Seasonally Adjusted (NSA).

From the California Association of Realtors® (C.A.R.): California home sales rebound in June, reversing three straight months of declines

June home sales activity rose 4.0 percent from the 254,190 homes sold in May and was down 0.3 percent from a year ago, when 264,960 homes were sold on an annualized basis. June’s rebound reversed three consecutive months of sales declines and was only one of two months of sales increases for the first half of 2025. The year-over-year decline marked the third straight decrease and was the first time since late 2023 that annual sales fell for three consecutive months.

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/21/2025 07:44:00 PM

From Matthew Graham at Mortgage News Daily: Mortgage Rates Move Slightly Lower to Start New Week

Mortgage rates didn't move much on Monday, but they moved in the right direction with the average lender 0.03% lower for a top tier 30yr fixed scenario versus last Friday. That makes this the 4th straight business day with a modest gain and it gets us back in line with the lowest rates since July 3rd.​ [30 year fixed 6.78%]
emphasis added

Tuesday:
• At 8:30 AM ET, Speech Fed Chair Jerome Powell, Opening Remarks, At the Integrated Review of the Capital Framework for Large Banks Conference, Washington, D.C.

• At 10:00 AM, Richmond Fed Survey of Manufacturing Activity for July.

by Calculated Risk on 7/21/2025 01:57:00 PM

Today, in the CalculatedRisk Real Estate Newsletter: NMHC on Apartments: Market conditions Tightened in Q2

Excerpt:

From the NMHC: Borrowing Conditions Continue to Improve While Most Respondents Report an Unchanged Market

The Market Tightness Index (54), Sales Volume Index (55) and Debt Financing Index (69) all came in above the breakeven level of 50, indicating improved conditions, while the Equity Financing Index remained just below 50 (48). Still, a majority of respondents for each of the four indexes reported unchanged conditions compared to April.

“Rent growth remains low in the South and West amidst a historic overhang of new supply, even though strong demand has kept absorptions high and occupancy stable,” noted NMHC’s Chief Economist and Senior Director of Research, Chris Bruen. “Meanwhile, tighter apartment conditions persist in the more supply-constrained Northeast and Midwest.”

“While high levels of political and economic uncertainty have kept some equity capital on the sidelines, survey respondents did report an uptick in transaction volume for the second consecutive quarter.”
...
• The Market Tightness Index came in at 54 this quarter – above the breakeven level of 50 – indicating tighter market conditions. Twenty-seven percent of respondents thought market conditions were tighter relative to three months ago, while 18% thought conditions had become looser. Slightly over half (54%) of respondents thought conditions were unchanged from April.

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/21/2025 10:22:00 AM

Today, in the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter: Goldman's Mid-Year Housing Outlook

A brief excerpt:

Last Friday, Goldman Sachs Senior economist Ronnie Walker wrote: Mid-Year Housing Outlook: Slowing Construction and Price Growth, Not Just for Multifamily

Here are a few brief excerpts and my comments (CR):

Goldman on existing home sales: “Sustained higher mortgage rates will continue to have their most pronounced impact on housing turnover. 87% of mortgage borrowers have interest rates below current market rates, and 66% have rates 2pp below market rates, strongly disincentivizing them from moving. As a result, we expect annual existing home sales of just 4.1mn, 23% below 2019 levels but in line with the pace of the last two years.”

CR: Here is some data from the FHFA’s National Mortgage Database through Q1 2025 showing the distribution of interest rates on closed-end, fixed-rate 1-4 family mortgages outstanding at the end of each quarter since Q1 2013.

As of Q2, 71.3% of outstanding loans were under 5% (about 2%+ below current mortgage rates). These low existing mortgage rates make it financially difficult for homeowners to sell their homes and buy a new home since their monthly payments would increase sharply.

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/21/2025 08:11:00 AM

Altos reports that active single-family inventory was up 1.2% week-over-week.

Inventory is now up 37.2% from the seasonal bottom in January.   Usually, inventory is up about 21% from the seasonal low by this week in the year.   So, 2025 is seeing a larger than normal increase in inventory.

The first graph shows the seasonal pattern for active single-family inventory since 2015.

Click on graph for larger image.

The red line is for 2025.  The black line is for 2019.  

Inventory was up 28.2% compared to the same week in 2024 (last week it was up 30.0%), and down 10.8% compared to the same week in 2019 (last week it was down 11.0%). 

It now appears inventory will be close to 2019 levels towards the end of 2025.

This second inventory graph is courtesy of Altos Research.

As of July 18th, inventory was at 857 thousand (7-day average), compared to 847 thousand the prior week. 

Mike Simonsen discusses this data and much more regularly on Youtube

by Calculated Risk on 7/20/2025 06:21:00 PM

Weekend:
• Schedule for Week of July 20, 2025

Monday:
• No major economic releases scheduled.

From CNBC: Pre-Market Data and Bloomberg futures S&P 500 are down 2 and DOW futures are down 33 (fair value).

Oil prices were down over the last week with WTI futures at $67.34 per barrel and Brent at $69.28 per barrel. A year ago, WTI was at $81, and Brent was at $85 - so WTI oil prices are down about 17% year-over-year.

Here is a graph from Gasbuddy.com for nationwide gasoline prices. Nationally prices are at $3.09 per gallon. A year ago, prices were at $3.47 per gallon, so gasoline prices are down $0.38 year-over-year.

by Calculated Risk on 7/20/2025 08:21:00 AM

What this means: On a weekly basis, Realtor.com reports the year-over-year change in active inventory and new listings. On a monthly basis, they report total inventory. For June, Realtor.com reported inventory was up 28.9% YoY, but still down 12.9% compared to the 2017 to 2019 same month levels. 

Here is their weekly report: Weekly Housing Trends: Latest Data as of July 12

• Active inventory climbed 25.1% year over year

The number of homes active on the market climbed 25.1% year over year, slowing slightly from the previous week. This represents the 88th consecutive week of annual gains in inventory. There were more than 1 million homes for sale again last week, marking the 10th week in a row over the threshold and the highest inventory level since November 2019.

• New listings—a measure of sellers putting homes up for sale—rose 1.3% year over year

New listings rose again last week on an annual basis by just 1.3% compared with the same period last year.

• The median list price was up 0.2% year over year

The median list price climbed again this week, but is still down 0.3% year to date. The median list price per square foot—which adjusts for changes in home size—rose 0.5% year over year. With inventory on the rise and more than 1 in 5 sellers cutting prices, the market continues to soften and shift toward more buyer favorability.

With inventory climbing, and sales depressed, months-of-supply is at the highest level since 2016 putting downward pressure on house prices in an increasing number of areas.

by Calculated Risk on 7/19/2025 02:11:00 PM

At the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter this week:

Click on graph for larger image.

• Housing Starts Increased to 1.321 million Annual Rate in June

• Lawler: Early Read on Existing Home Sales in June

• 3rd Look at Local Housing Markets in June

• Will House Prices Decline Nationally in 2025?

This is usually published 4 to 6 times a week and provides more in-depth analysis of the housing market.

by Calculated Risk on 7/19/2025 08:11:00 AM

The key reports this week are June New and Existing Home Sales.

For manufacturing, the July Richmond and Kansas City Fed manufacturing surveys will be released.

----- Monday, July 21st -----
No major economic releases scheduled.

----- Tuesday, July 22nd -----
8:30 AM: Speech Fed Chair Jerome Powell, Opening Remarks, At the Integrated Review of the Capital Framework for Large Banks Conference, Washington, D.C.

10:00 AM: Richmond Fed Survey of Manufacturing Activity for July.

----- Wednesday, July 23rd -----
7:00 AM ET: The Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) will release the results for the mortgage purchase applications index.

10:00 AM: Existing Home Sales for June from the National Association of Realtors (NAR). The consensus is for 4.00 million SAAR, down from 4.03 million last month.

The graph shows existing home sales from 1994 through the report last month.

Housing economist Tom Lawler expects the NAR to report sales of 3.92 million SAAR for June.

During the day: The AIA's Architecture Billings Index for June (a leading indicator for commercial and multi-family real estate).

----- Thursday, July 24th -----
8:30 AM: The initial weekly unemployment claims report will be released. The consensus is for initial claims to increase to 230 thousand from 221 thousand last week.

8:30 AM ET: Chicago Fed National Activity Index for June. This is a composite index of other data.

10:00 AM: New Home Sales for June from the Census Bureau.

This graph shows New Home Sales since 1963. The dashed line is the sales rate for last month.

The consensus is for 650 thousand SAAR, up from 623 thousand in May.

11:00 AM: Kansas City Fed Survey of Manufacturing Activity for July.

----- Friday, July 25th -----
8:30 AM: Durable Goods Orders for June from the Census Bureau. The consensus is for a 10.0% decrease in durable goods orders.

by Calculated Risk on 7/18/2025 02:44:00 PM

From BofA:

Since our last weekly publication, our 2Q GDP tracking is down one-tenth to 2.2% q/q saar. [July 18th estimate]
emphasis added

From Goldman:

June single-family housing starts were weaker than our previous GDP tracking assumptions. We lowered our Q2 GDP tracking estimate by 0.1pp to +2.8% (quarter-over-quarter annualized). Our Q2 domestic final sales estimate stands at +0.9%. [July 18th estimate]

And from the Atlanta Fed: GDPNow

The GDPNow model estimate for real GDP growth (seasonally adjusted annual rate) in the second quarter of 2025 is 2.4 percent on July 18, unchanged from July 17 after rounding. After this morning’s housing starts release from the US Census Bureau, the nowcast of second-quarter real residential investment growth decreased from -6.4 percent to -7.0 percent. [July 18th estimate]

by Calculated Risk on 7/18/2025 12:10:00 PM

From housing economist Tom Lawler:

Based on publicly-available local realtor/MLS reports released across the country through today, I project that existing home sales as estimated by the National Association of Realtors ran at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 3.92 million in June, down 2.7% from May’s preliminary pace and down 0.3% from last June’s seasonally adjusted pace. Unadjusted sales should show a modest YOY increase, with the SA/NSA difference reflecting the higher business day count this June compared to last June.

Local realtor/MLS reports suggest that the median existing single-family home sales price last month was up by about 1.9% from a year earlier.

CR Note: The NAR is scheduled to release June Existing Home sales on Wednesday, July 23rd at 10:00 AM. The consensus is for 4.00 million SAAR, down from 4.03 million last month. Last year, the NAR reported sales in June 2024 at 3.93 million SAAR.

by Calculated Risk on 7/18/2025 09:11:00 AM

Today, in the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter: Housing Starts Increased to 1.321 million Annual Rate in June

A brief excerpt:

Total housing starts in June were above expectations (due to volatile multi-family sector) and starts in April and May were revised up.

The third graph shows the month-to-month comparison for total starts between 2024 (blue) and 2025 (red).

Total starts were down 0.5% in June compared to June 2024. Year-to-date (YTD) starts are down 1.0% compared to the same period in 2024. Single family starts are down 6.9% YTD and multi-family up 15.7% YTD.

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/18/2025 08:30:00 AM

From the Census Bureau: Permits, Starts and Completions

Housing Starts:
Privately-owned housing starts in June were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1,321,000. This is 4.6 percent above the revised May estimate of 1,263,000, but is 0.5 percent below the June 2024 rate of 1,327,000. Single-family housing starts in June were at a rate of 883,000; this is 4.6 percent below the revised May figure of 926,000. The June rate for units in buildings with five units or more was 414,000.

Building Permits:
Privately-owned housing units authorized by building permits in June were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1,397,000. This is 0.2 percent above the revised May rate of 1,394,000, but is 4.4 percent below the June 2024 rate of 1,461,000. Single-family authorizations in June were at a rate of 866,000; this is 3.7 percent below the revised May figure of 899,000. Authorizations of units in buildings with five units or more were at a rate of 478,000 in June.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

The first graph shows single and multi-family housing starts since 2000.

Multi-family starts (blue, 2+ units) increased sharply month-over-month in June.   Multi-family starts were up 26.6% year-over-year.

Single-family starts (red) decreased in June and were down 10.0% year-over-year.

The second graph shows single and multi-family housing starts since 1968.

Total housing starts in June were above expectations and starts in April and May were revised up.

I'll have more later …

by Calculated Risk on 7/17/2025 07:57:00 PM

Note: Mortgage rates are from MortgageNewsDaily.com and are for top tier scenarios.

Friday:
• At 8:30 AM ET, Housing Starts for June. The consensus is for 1.300 million SAAR, up from 1.256 million SAAR in May.

• At 10:00 AM, University of Michigan's Consumer sentiment index (Preliminary for July).

• Also at 10:00 AM, State Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) for June 2025

by Calculated Risk on 7/17/2025 03:16:00 PM

Container traffic gives us an idea about the volume of goods being exported and imported - and usually some hints about the trade report since LA area ports handle about 40% of the nation's container port traffic.

The following graphs are for inbound and outbound traffic at the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach in TEUs (TEUs: 20-foot equivalent units or 20-foot-long cargo container).

The first graph is the monthly data (with a strong seasonal pattern for imports).

Click on graph for larger image.

Usually imports peak in the July to October period as retailers import goods for the Christmas holiday and then decline sharply and bottom in the Winter depending on the timing of the Chinese New Year.  

Imports were down 3% YoY in June and exports were also down 3% YoY.    

To remove the strong seasonal component for inbound traffic, the second graph shows the rolling 12-month average.

On a rolling 12-month basis, inbound traffic decreased 0.3% in June compared to the rolling 12 months ending the previous month.   Outbound traffic decreased 0.3% compared to the rolling 12 months ending the previous month.

Early this year, importers rushed to beat the tariffs.  

by Calculated Risk on 7/17/2025 01:11:00 PM

From STR: U.S. hotel results for week ending 12 July

The U.S. hotel industry reported negative year-over-year comparisons, according to CoStar’s latest data through 12 July. ...

6-12 July 2025 (percentage change from comparable week in 2024):

• Occupancy: 67.2% (-3.2%)
• Average daily rate (ADR): US$158.42 (-0.5%)
• Revenue per available room (RevPAR): US$106.39 (-3.7%)
emphasis added

The following graph shows the seasonal pattern for the hotel occupancy rate using the four-week average.

Click on graph for larger image.

The red line is for 2025, blue is the median, and dashed light blue is for 2024.  Dashed purple is for 2018, the record year for hotel occupancy. 

The 4-week average of the occupancy rate is tracking behind last year and the median rate for the period 2000 through 2024 (Blue).

Note: Y-axis doesn't start at zero to better show the seasonal change.

The 4-week average will likely increase over the next several weeks.

On a year-to-date basis, the only worse years for occupancy over the last 25 years were pandemic or recession years.

by Calculated Risk on 7/17/2025 10:00:00 AM

The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) reported the housing market index (HMI) was at 33, up from 33 last month. Any number below 50 indicates that more builders view sales conditions as poor than good.

From the NAHB: Builder Confidence Edges Up in July

Builder confidence for future sales expectations received a slight boost in July with the passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act but elevated interest rates and economic and policy uncertainty continue to act as headwinds for the housing sector.

Builder confidence in the market for newly built single-family homes was 33 in July, up one point from June, according to the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB)/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI) released today. Builder sentiment has now been in negative territory for 15 consecutive months.

“The passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act provided a number of important wins for households, home builders and small businesses,” said NAHB Chairman Buddy Hughes, a home builder and developer from Lexington, N.C. “While this new law should provide economic momentum after a disappointing spring, the housing sector has weakened in 2025 due to poor affordability conditions, particularly from elevated interest rates.”

Indeed, the latest HMI survey also revealed that 38% of builders reported cutting prices in July, the highest percentage since NAHB began tracking this figure on a monthly basis in 2022. This compares with 37% of builders who reported cutting prices in June, 34% in May and 29% in April. Meanwhile, the average price reduction was 5% in July, the same as it’s been every month since last November. The use of sales incentives was 62% in July, unchanged from June.

“Single-family housing starts will post a decline in 2025 due to ongoing housing affordability challenges,” said NAHB Chief Economist Robert Dietz. “Single-family permits are down 6% on a year-to-date basis and builder traffic in the HMI is at a more than two-year low.”
...
The HMI index gauging current sales conditions rose one point in July to a level of 36 while the component measuring sales expectations in the next six months increased three points to 43. The gauge charting traffic of prospective buyers posted a one-point decline to 20, the lowest reading since end of 2022.

Looking at the three-month moving averages for regional HMI scores, the Northeast increased two points to 45, the Midwest held steady at 41, the South dropped three points to 30 and the West declined three points to 25.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows the NAHB index since Jan 1985.

This was at the consensus forecast.

by Calculated Risk on 7/17/2025 08:35:00 AM

On a monthly basis, retail sales increased 0.6% from May to June (seasonally adjusted), and sales were up 3.9 percent from June 2024.

From the Census Bureau report:

Advance estimates of U.S. retail and food services sales for June 2025, adjusted for seasonal variation and holiday and trading-day differences, but not for price changes, were $720.1 billion, up 0.6 percent from the previous month, and up 3.9 percent from June 2024. ... The April 2025 to May 2025 percent change was unrevised from down 0.9 percent (±0.2 percent).
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows retail sales since 1992. This is monthly retail sales and food service, seasonally adjusted (total and ex-gasoline).

Retail sales ex-gasoline was up 0.7% in June.

The second graph shows the year-over-year change in retail sales and food service (ex-gasoline) since 1993.

Retail and Food service sales, ex-gasoline, increased by 4.9% on a YoY basis.

The change in sales in June were above expectations and the previous two months were revised down slightly, combined.

by Calculated Risk on 7/17/2025 08:30:00 AM

The DOL reported:

In the week ending July 12, the advance figure for seasonally adjusted initial claims was 221,000, a decrease of 7,000 from the previous week's revised level. The previous week's level was revised up by 1,000 from 227,000 to 228,000. The 4-week moving average was 229,500, a decrease of 6,250 from the previous week's revised average. The previous week's average was revised up by 250 from 235,500 to 235,750.
emphasis added

The following graph shows the 4-week moving average of weekly claims since 1971.

Click on graph for larger image.

The dashed line on the graph is the current 4-week average. The four-week average of weekly unemployment claims decreased to 229,500.

The previous week was revised up.

Weekly claims were lower than the consensus forecast.

by Calculated Risk on 7/16/2025 07:02:00 PM

Note: Mortgage rates are from MortgageNewsDaily.com and are for top tier scenarios.

Thursday:
• At 8:30 AM ET, The initial weekly unemployment claims report will be released. The consensus is for initial claims to increase to 235 thousand from 233 thousand last week.

• Also at 8:30 AM, Retail sales for June is scheduled to be released.  The consensus is for a 0.2% increase in retail sales.

• Also at 8:30 AM, the Philly Fed manufacturing survey for July. The consensus is for a reading of -0.5, up from -4.0.

• At 10:00 AM, The July NAHB homebuilder survey. The consensus is for a reading of 33, up from 32. Any number below 50 indicates that more builders view sales conditions as poor than good.

• At 10:00 AM, Speech, Fed Governor Adriana Kugler, A View of the Housing Market and U.S. Economic Outlook, At the Housing Partnership Network Symposium, Washington, D.C.

by Calculated Risk on 7/16/2025 02:34:00 PM

Today, in the Calculated Risk Real Estate Newsletter: 3rd Look at Local Housing Markets in June

A brief excerpt:

This is the third look at local markets in June. I’m tracking over 40 local housing markets in the US. Some of the 40 markets are states, and some are metropolitan areas. I’ll update these tables throughout the month as additional data is released.

Closed sales in June were mostly for contracts signed in April and May, and mortgage rates, according to the Freddie Mac PMMS, averaged 6.73% in April and 6.82% in May (slightly higher than for closed sales in May).
...
In June, sales in these markets were up 4.7% YoY. Last month, in May, these same markets were down 3.8% year-over-year Not Seasonally Adjusted (NSA).

Important: There were more working days in June 2025 (20) as in June 2024 (19). So, the year-over-year change in the headline SA data will be lower than for the NSA data.
...
More local markets to come!

There is much more in the article.

by Calculated Risk on 7/16/2025 02:00:00 PM

Fed's Beige Book

Economic activity increased slightly from late May through early July. Five Districts reported slight or modest gains, five had flat activity, and the remaining two Districts noted modest declines in activity. That represented an improvement over the previous report, in which half of Districts reported at least slight declines in activity. Uncertainty remained elevated, contributing to ongoing caution by businesses. Nonauto consumer spending declined in most Districts, softening slightly overall. Auto sales receded modestly on average, after consumers had rushed to buy vehicles earlier this year to avoid tariffs. Tourism activity was mixed, manufacturing activity edged lower, and nonfinancial services activity was little changed on average but varied across Districts. Loan volume increased slightly in most Districts. Construction activity slowed somewhat, constrained by rising costs in some Districts. Home sales were flat or little changed in most Districts, and nonresidential real estate activity was also mostly steady. Activity in the agriculture sector remained weak. Energy sector activity declined slightly, and transportation activity was mixed. The outlook was neutral to slightly pessimistic, as only two Districts expected activity to increase, and others foresaw flat or slightly weaker activity.

Labor Markets

Employment increased very slightly overall, with one District noting modest increases, six reporting slight increases, three no change, and two noting slight declines. Hiring remained generally cautious, which many contacts attributed to ongoing economic and policy uncertainty. Labor availability improved for many employers, with further reductions in turnover rates and increased job applications. A growing number of Districts cited labor shortages in the skilled trades. Several Districts also mentioned reduced availability of foreign-born workers, attributed to changes in immigration policy. Employers in a few Districts ramped up investments in automation and AI aimed at reducing the need for additional hiring. Wages increased modestly overall, extending recent trends, with reports that ranged from flat wages to moderate growth. Although reports of layoffs were limited in all industries, they were somewhat more common among manufacturers. Looking ahead, many contacts expected to postpone major hiring and layoff decisions until uncertainty diminished.

Prices

Prices increased across Districts, with seven characterizing price growth as moderate and five characterizing it as modest, mostly similar to the previous report. In all twelve Districts, businesses reported experiencing modest to pronounced input cost pressures related to tariffs, especially for raw materials used in manufacturing and construction. Rising insurance costs represented another widespread source of pricing pressure. Many firms passed on at least a portion of cost increases to consumers through price hikes or surcharges, although some held off raising prices because of customers' growing price sensitivity, resulting in compressed profit margins. Contacts in a wide range of industries expected cost pressures to remain elevated in the coming months, increasing the likelihood that consumer prices will start to rise more rapidly by late summer.
emphasis added

by Calculated Risk on 7/16/2025 09:15:00 AM

From the Fed: Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization

Industrial production (IP) increased 0.3 percent in June after remaining unchanged in April and May; for the second quarter as a whole, IP increased at an annual rate of 1.1 percent. In June, manufacturing output ticked up 0.1 percent, and the index for mining decreased 0.3 percent. The index for utilities rose 2.8 percent. At 104.0 percent of its 2017 average, total IP in June was 0.7 percent above its year-earlier level. Capacity utilization moved up to 77.6 percent, a rate that is 2.0 percentage points below its long-run (1972–2024) average.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows Capacity Utilization. This series is up from the record low set in April 2020, and close to the level in February 2020 (pre-pandemic).

Capacity utilization at 77.6% is 2.0% below the average from 1972 to 2023.  This was above consensus expectations.

Note: y-axis doesn't start at zero to better show the change.

The second graph shows industrial production since 1967.

Industrial production decreased to 104.0. This is above the pre-pandemic level.

Industrial production was above consensus expectations.

by Calculated Risk on 7/16/2025 07:00:00 AM

From the MBA: Mortgage Applications Decrease in Latest MBA Weekly Survey

Mortgage applications decreased 10.0 percent from one week earlier, according to data from the Mortgage Bankers Association’s (MBA) Weekly Mortgage Applications Survey for the week ending July 11, 2025. Last week’s results included an adjustment for the Fourth of July holiday.

The Market Composite Index, a measure of mortgage loan application volume, decreased 10.0 percent on a seasonally adjusted basis from one week earlier. On an unadjusted basis, the Index increased 13 percent compared with the previous week. The Refinance Index decreased 7 percent from the previous week and was 25 percent higher than the same week one year ago. The seasonally adjusted Purchase Index decreased 12 percent from one week earlier. The unadjusted Purchase Index increased 11 percent compared with the previous week and was 13 percent higher than the same week one year ago.

“Treasury yields finished higher last week on average despite an intra-week drop, driven partly by renewed concerns of the impact of tariffs on the economy. As a result, mortgage rates rose after two weeks of declines, which contributed to slower application activity,” said Joel Kan, MBA’s Vice President and Deputy Chief Economist. “Jumbo rates were lower than conventional rates for the third straight week, as some depositories may be positioning themselves for growth in balance sheet lending.”

Added Kan, “Purchase applications remained sensitive to both the uncertain economic outlook and the volatility in rates and declined to the slowest pace since May. Refinance applications also dipped because of higher rates, with refinance applications falling, led by VA refinances partially reversing their previous week’s gain, dropping 22 percent.”
...
The average contract interest rate for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages with conforming loan balances ($806,500 or less) increased to 6.82 percent from 6.77 percent, with points remaining unchanged at 0.62 (including the origination fee) for 80 percent loan-to-value ratio (LTV) loans.
emphasis added

Click on graph for larger image.

The first graph shows the MBA mortgage purchase index.

According to the MBA, purchase activity is up 13% year-over-year unadjusted. 

Red is a four-week average (blue is weekly).  

Purchase application activity is still depressed, but above the lows of October 2023 and slightly above the lowest levels during the housing bust.  

The second graph shows the refinance index since 1990.

The refinance index decreased and remains very low.