by Calculated Risk on 10/15/2014 02:00:00 PM

Fed's Beige Book "Prepared at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis and based on information collected before October 6, 2014."

Reports from the twelve Federal Reserve Districts generally described modest to moderate economic growth at a pace similar to that noted in the previous Beige Book. Moderate growth was reported by the Cleveland, Chicago, St. Louis, Minneapolis, Dallas, and San Francisco Districts, while modest growth was reported by the New York, Philadelphia, Richmond, Atlanta, and Kansas City Districts. In the Boston District, reports from business contacts painted a mixed picture of economic conditions. In addition, several Districts noted that contacts were generally optimistic about future activity.

And on real estate:

Reports on residential construction and real estate activity were mixed. New York noted that single-family construction was sluggish in some areas, but that multifamily construction increased. Philadelphia reported only slight growth in home construction. In August, single-family construction starts in the Cleveland District reached their highest level so far this year, though the number of starts year-to-date remained slightly lower than last year. Richmond noted that residential construction across the District increased slightly for custom homes. Atlanta reported that multifamily construction continued to increase across much of the District, while Chicago indicated that both single- and multi-family construction continued to expand. Residential real estate contacts in the Atlanta District indicated that existing home sales and prices remained ahead of last year's levels and inventory levels were down from a year ago. Chicago noted that home sales were somewhat lower, and growth in home prices and residential rents slowed. San Francisco reported that sales of single-family homes were stable since the previous report.

Commercial construction and real estate activity grew in most Districts. Richmond, St. Louis, and San Francisco reported increased commercial construction, industrial construction, or both. Cleveland noted that a majority of commercial contractors saw increased construction activity relative to a year ago. Commercial contractors in the Atlanta District saw an increase in construction activity across many property types. In Minneapolis, however, commercial construction activity declined. Richmond reported that commercial real estate activity improved modestly over the past several weeks. The New York District noted that the New York City office market continued to strengthen. Atlanta noted that many commercial brokers saw growth in activity. Chicago noted that commercial real estate activity continued to expand. Kansas City indicated that commercial vacancy rates declined and absorption and sales increased. Boston noted that commercial real estate fundamentals are either holding steady or improving.
emphasis added

Residential real estate is "mixed', although nonresidential is seeing some growth.

by Calculated Risk on 10/15/2014 10:33:00 AM

Earlier from the NY Fed: Empire State Manufacturing Survey

The October 2014 Empire State Manufacturing Survey indicates that business activity grew modestly for New York manufacturers. The headline general business conditions index fell twenty-one points to 6.2, signaling that the pace of growth slowed significantly from last month. The new orders index dropped nineteen points to -1.7, indicating a slight decline in orders, and the shipments index fell twenty-six points to 1.1, indicating that shipments were flat. The employment index rose seven points to 10.2, pointing to an increase in employment levels, while the average workweek index fell to a level just below zero, suggesting that hours worked held steady ...

Most of the indexes assessing the future outlook were down from last month. Nevertheless, they remained fairly high by historical standards, and conveyed an expectation that activity would continue to grow in the months ahead. The index for future general business conditions fell five points to 41.7.
emphasis added

This is the first of the regional surveys for October.  The general business conditions index was well below the consensus forecast of a reading of 20.0, and indicates significantly slower expansion (above zero suggests expansion).

by Calculated Risk on 10/15/2014 08:59:00 AM

On a monthly basis, retail sales decreased 0.3% from August to September (seasonally adjusted), and sales were up 4.3% from September 2013. Sales in August were unrevised at a 0.6% increase.

From the Census Bureau report:

The U.S. Census Bureau announced today that advance estimates of U.S. retail and food services sales for September, adjusted for seasonal variation and holiday and trading-day differences, but not for price changes, were $442.7 billion, a decrease of 0.3 percent from the previous month, but 4.3 percent (±0.9%) above September 2013. ... The July to August 2014 percent change was unrevised from 0.6% (±0.2%).

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows retail sales since 1992. This is monthly retail sales and food service, seasonally adjusted (total and ex-gasoline).


Retail sales ex-autos were down 0.2%. 

The second graph shows the year-over-year change in retail sales and food service (ex-gasoline) since 1993.

Retail sales ex-gasoline increased by 5.2% on a YoY basis (4.3% for all retail sales).

The decrease in September was above consensus expectations of a 0.1% decrease.

This was a weak report.

by Calculated Risk on 10/15/2014 07:01:00 AM

From the MBA: Mortgage Applications Increase in Latest MBA Weekly Survey

Mortgage applications increased 5.6 percent from one week earlier, according to data from the Mortgage Bankers Association’s (MBA) Weekly Mortgage Applications Survey for the week ending October 10, 2014. ...

The Refinance Index increased 11 percent from the previous week. The seasonally adjusted Purchase Index decreased 1 percent from one week earlier. The unadjusted Purchase Index decreased 0.3 percent compared with the previous week and was 4 percent lower than the same week one year ago. ...
...
“Growing concerns about weak economic growth in Europe caused a flight to quality into US assets last week, leading to sharp drops in interest rates. Mortgage rates for most loan products fell to their lowest level since June 2013,” said Mike Fratantoni, MBA’s Chief Economist. “Refinance application volume reached the highest level since June 2014 as a result, with conventional refinance volume at its highest since February 2014.”
...
The average contract interest rate for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages with conforming loan balances ($417,000 or less) decreased to 4.20 percent, the lowest since June 2013, from 4.30 percent, with points decreasing to 0.17 from 0.19 (including the origination fee) for 80 percent loan-to-value ratio (LTV) loans.
emphasis added

Note: This mortgage rate is for the week ending Oct 10th; rates have fallen this week.

Click on graph for larger image.


The first graph shows the refinance index.

The refinance index is down 72% from the levels in May 2013.

Refinance activity is very low this year and 2014 will be the lowest since year 2000.


The second graph shows the MBA mortgage purchase index.  

According to the MBA, the unadjusted purchase index is down about 4% from a year ago.

by Calculated Risk on 10/14/2014 08:51:00 PM

An amazing story from Bob Koslow as the Daytona Beach News Journal: In Ocean Hammock, dream house, ocean view, wrong lot (ht Walt)

Six months after building a large custom house with an ocean view, Missouri residents Mark and Brenda Voss learned of a big problem – it’s on the wrong lot.

Their three-story vacation rental house with an estimated construction value of $680,000 actually sits on the lot next to the one they own in the gated Ocean Hammock resort community.

Oops!

Wednesday:
• At 7:00 AM ET, the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) will release the results for the mortgage purchase applications index.

• At 8:30 AM, Retail sales for September will be released. The consensus is for retail sales to decrease 0.1% in September, and to increase 0.3% ex-autos.

• Also at 8:30 AM, the Producer Price Index for September from the BLS. The consensus is for a 0.1% increase in prices, and a 0.1% increase in core PPI.

• Also at 8:30 AM, the NY Fed Empire Manufacturing Survey for October. The consensus is for a reading of 20.0, down from 27.5 in September (above zero is expansion).

• At 10:00 AM, Manufacturing and Trade: Inventories and Sales (business inventories) report for August. The consensus is for a 0.4% increase in inventories.

• At 2:00 PM, the Federal Reserve Beige Book, an informal review by the Federal Reserve Banks of current economic conditions in their Districts.

by Calculated Risk on 10/14/2014 07:11:00 PM

From Matthew Graham at Mortgage News Daily: Mortgage Rates Hit High 3's

Mortgage rates continued living the dream today, falling decisively past last week's lows to claim another instance of "best rates since June 2013." Today's move was exceptional compared to last week's (or just about any other move lower of 2014 for that matter). After heading into the weekend in relatively conservative territory, the bond markets that underlie mortgages were greeted with massive movement in broader financial markets over the 3-day weekend.

Some of that movement took place late on Friday--too late for rate sheets to experience much benefit--but most of it occurred in global bond markets during Asian and European trading overnight. Motivation varies depending who you ask, but the concept of "global growth concerns" is the common thread running through most of the reasons offered for the drop in rates.

Last week's best moments saw the most prevalently-quoted conforming 30yr fixed rates hover between 4.0 and 4.125% for top tier borrowers. Today's rates all but eliminated 4.125% from that list. In fact, 3.875% would now be more common than 4.125% (assuming a flawless loan file, 75% or lower Loan-to-Value, and a competitive lender). Rates haven't been any lower since the first half of June 2013.

Here is a table from Mortgage News Daily:

Home Loan Rates

View More Refinance Rates

by Calculated Risk on 10/14/2014 04:15:00 PM

From economist Tom Lawler:

Based on realtor association/MLS reports across the country, I estimate that existing home sales as measured by the National Association of Realtors will come in at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 5.14 million in September, up 1.8% from August’s pace but down 2.3% from last September’s pace.

Local realtor/MLS data suggest that the NAR’s inventory estimate for September will be down by about 3.0% from August, and up by about 3.2% from last September. Finally, I expect that the NAR’s median existing SF home sales price in September will be about 4.5% higher than last September.

Lawler also sent me the table below of short sales, foreclosures and cash buyers for several selected cities in September.

On distressed: Total "distressed" share is down in these markets due to a decline in short sales.

Short sales are down in all these areas.

Foreclosures are up slightly in several of these areas.

The All Cash Share (last two columns) is mostly declining year-over-year. As investors pull back, the share of all cash buyers will probably continue to decline.

	Short Sales Share		Foreclosure Sales Share		Total "Distressed" Share		All Cash Share
	Sep-14	Sep-13	Sep-14	Sep-13	Sep-14	Sep-13	Sep-14	Sep-13
Las Vegas	10.4%	23.0%	8.8%	7.0%	19.2%	30.0%	34.3%	47.2%
Reno**	7.0%	20.0%	7.0%	5.0%	14.0%	25.0%
Phoenix	3.8%	8.8%	5.8%	8.0%	9.6%	16.8%	25.7%	33.4%
Sacramento	5.3%	12.1%	6.5%	3.9%	11.8%	16.0%	19.4%	23.6%
Minneapolis	3.4%	6.0%	9.4%	16.0%	12.8%	22.0%
Mid-Atlantic	5.5%	7.7%	9.7%	8.2%	15.2%	15.9%	19.1%	18.4%
Bay Area CA*	3.6%	7.5%	2.8%	3.6%	6.4%	11.1%	20.9%	23.3%
So. California*	6.0%	10.9%	4.7%	6.4%	10.7%	17.3%	24.3%	28.7%
Tucson							26.7%	29.8%
Hampton Roads					19.6%	26.1%
Toledo							31.4%	38.1%
Des Moines							16.8%	19.2%
Georgia***							27.4%	N/A
Omaha							19.9%	19.1%
Memphis*			11.7%	16.5%
Springfield IL**			9.5%	14.1%			22.6%	N/A
*share of existing home sales, based on property records **Single Family Only ***GAMLS

by Calculated Risk on 10/14/2014 01:35:00 PM

From DataQuick: Strongest September for Bay Area Home Sales in Five Years; Prices Flat

The number of homes sold in the Bay Area last month edged up to its highest level for a September since 2009, the result of some spillover summer activity and sustained demand in a strong regional economy. Prices appear to have flattened out at a level reached this spring, Irvine-based CoreLogic DataQuick reported.

A total of 7,443 new and resale houses and condos sold in the nine-county Bay Area last month. That was down 1.8 percent from 7,578 in August and up 4.2 percent from 7,141 in September last year, according to CoreLogic DataQuick.

A decline in sales from August to September is normal for the season. Last month’s sales count was the highest for any September since 7,879 homes were sold in 2009.
...
“Some analysts are re-calculating what they consider to be normal sales levels, taking out the ‘loans-gone-wild’ years of over-available credit. And if you do that, current sales are right in the normal range. We still have issues today, though. The mortgage market is still dysfunctional. There are categories of buying and selling that are still inactive, and nobody really has any idea just how much pent-up demand there is out there,” said John Karevoll, CoreLogic DataQuick analyst.
...
Last month foreclosure resales – homes that had been foreclosed on in the prior 12 months – accounted for 2.8 percent of resales, unchanged from a revised 2.8 percent the month before, and down from 3.6 percent a year ago. Foreclosure resales in the Bay Area peaked at 52.0 percent in February 2009, while the monthly average over the past 17 years is 9.7 percent, CoreLogic DataQuick reported.

Short sales – transactions where the sale price fell short of what was owed on the property – made up an estimated 3.6 percent of Bay Area resales last month. That was down from an estimated 3.8 percent in August and down from 7.5 percent a year earlier.

Last month absentee buyers – mostly investors – purchased 19.1 percent of all Bay Area homes. That was up from August’s revised 18.6 percent, and down from 20.9 percent in September last year.
emphasis added

A few key year-over-year trends: 1) declining distressed sales, 2) generally declining investor buying, 3) generally flat total sales (up 4.2% year-over-year in September), 4) an increase in non-distressed sales.

by Calculated Risk on 10/14/2014 12:41:00 PM

With the ten year yield falling to 2.23%, mortgage rates should move lower. Based on a historical relationship (see 2nd graph below), 30-year rates will probably fall close to 4%.

However I do not expect a refinance boom due to lower rates.


Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows the 30 year fixed rate mortgage interest rate from the Freddie Mac Primary Mortgage Market Survey® compared to the MBA refinance index. 

The refinance index dropped sharply last year when mortgage rates increased.  Historically refinance activity picks up significantly when mortgage rates fall about 50 bps from a recent level.

Borrowers who took out mortgages last year can probably refinance now - but that is a small number of total borrowers.  For a significant increase in refinance activity, rates would have to fall below the late 2012 lows (on a monthly basis, 30 year mortgage rates were at 3.35% in the PMMS in November and December 2012.

The second graph shows the relationship between the monthly 10 year Treasury Yield and 30 year mortgage rates from the Freddie Mac survey.

Currently the 10 year Treasury yield is at 2.23% and 30 year mortgage rates were at 4.12% according to the Freddie Mac survey last week.  Mortgage rates should fall further this week.

Based on the relationship from the graph, it appears mortgage rates will be close to 4% soon.

However, to have a significant refinance boom, the 30 year mortgage rate (Freddie Mac survey) would be have to fall below the 3.35% of late 2012, and that means 10-year Treasury yields would have to fall well below 2%.

So I don't expect a significant increase in refinance activity any time soon.

by Calculated Risk on 10/14/2014 09:21:00 AM

From the National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB): Small Business Optimism Index Declines in September

September’s optimism index gave up 0.8 points, falling to 95.3. At 95.3, the Index is now 5 points below the pre-recession average (from 1973 to 2007). ...

NFIB owners increased employment by an average of 0.24 workers per firm in September (seasonally adjusted), the 12th positive month in a row and the largest gain this year.
emphasis added

Hiring plans decreased to 9 (still solid).

And in a positive sign, the percent of firms reporting "poor sales" as the single most important problem has fallen to 14, down from 17 last year - and "taxes" at 21 and "regulations" are the top problems at 22 (taxes are usually reported as the top problem during good times).

Click on graph for larger image.

This graph shows the small business optimism index since 1986.

The index decreased to 95.3 in September from 96.1 in August.

Note: There is high percentage of real estate related businesses in the "small business" survey - and this has held down over all optimism.